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A indirect food additive is any thing that becomes part of the food unintentionally
间接食品添加剂是指那些在食品包装储存加工过程中
through the packaging, storing and handling process, even though this does not sound safe,
无意间成为食品一部分的物质，尽管这听起来并不安全
the food and drug administration requires food and manufacturers to prove that any materials
食药局要求食品生产者能够证明加入食品中的
that may come into contact with the food to be safe.
这类物质的安全性
The FDA defines a colour additive as any dye, pigment, or substance which when added to
食药局规定颜色添加剂，如加入到食品，药品，化妆品
or applied to a food, drug or cosmetic,
或人体内的染料，色素
or to the human body is capable along with the reactions of other substances of imparting colour.
及其他颜色添加剂应该能够与其他染色物质反应
Certified colours are human made to add colour and create uniformity and will not add any flavour.
食物色料是指人造的为食品增加颜色使之均匀且不会改变食品味道的物质
There are currently 9 certified colours that are approved for use in the United States,
目前美国批准的食物色料有九种
tartrazine is a certified colour that will be reviewed in this presentation.
稍后我们会提到其中的酒黄石
Colours exempt from certification are pigments that come from natural sources
免除鉴定的色料指那些来自天然原料
such as plants animals or minerals.
如植物动物和矿物质
Some examples are dehydrated beech
比如脱水山毛榉
which gives a bluish red to brown colour and grape skin extract which give red or green colour.
它能为棕色加入青红色，葡萄皮提取物能够使物质变红或变绿
What are colour additives used for?
颜色添加剂有哪些用途呢?
They can be used for, colour can be lost due to storage, temperature, processing or moisture.
食物会随着储存时间，气温变化，加工以及湿度变化而失去颜色
Colour is added back to help give the product visual appeal.
加入颜色够能使食物外观鲜美
They are also added to help give uniformity and enhance natural colour.
他们还能够使食物具有均匀性并增强食物的天然光泽
Colour additives can help make food more visually appealing and are added to the most foods that we consume.
颜色添加剂能使食物外观更迷人我们最常购买的食物都加入了这些物质
Certain foods like Pop or margarine would not have the same colour without colour additives.
一些食品如汽水，黄油如果不加入颜色添加剂，他们本身颜色是不一致的
This chart contains common products that you might see in the ingredients list of foods you eat.
该图表涵盖了一些你在饮食原料清单上常见的一些产品
The preservatives Sodium Benzoate may be in food
防腐的苯甲酸钠就存在于
such as salad dressings, soft drinks, canned tuna and mixed dried fruit.
色拉酱调料，非酒精饮料，灌装金枪鱼和混装干果中
You can also find the potassium sorbate in cheese, wine and dried meats.
你还可以在奶酪，葡萄酒和干酪中发现山梨酸钾
Potassium sorbate and sodium benzoate both inhibit mold and yeast from spoiling food.
山梨酸钾和苯甲酸钠都是用来抑制霉菌和酵母腐蚀食品的
Natural artificial flavours are found in a number of products like granola bars,
很多食品如格兰诺拉燕麦卷，调味果汁和调味汽水中
flavoured juices and flavoured soda pop.
都包含天然人造香料
Mono sodium glutamate or msg is a common additive that you may have heard of and is in common items
谷氨酸钠可能是你常听到的一种添加剂，
such as soup, barbeque sauce and seasoning mixtures.
该物质在汤品鱼子酱和混合调味料中很常见
Both of these additives are used to give our food more flavour.
这两种添加剂都为食物增味不少
Fat replacers replace the fat in some of our favourite foods to give us low fat or fat free products.
在一些最受欢迎的食品中油脂替代物取代了脂肪使我们吃低脂脱脂食品
Gums are a common fat replacer
口香糖就是一种常见的油脂替代品
because they thicken can give a gel like consistency and also give product stability.
因为它能够提供一定稠度的胶体并保证食品的稳定性
Fat replacers, such as niathin gum is used in fat free salad dressings, sauces and ice cream.
油脂代用品主要用于脱脂色拉酱调料，调味酱和冰淇淋中
Modified food starch can be used to thicken products
改性食物淀粉可使酸性食品变得浓稠
that are acidic and would not thicken by using just cornstarch.
而玉米淀粉则不会产生这一效果
Gravies, sauces and pie fillings are common items that contain modified cornstarch as a thickener.
调味肉汁，调味酱和馅饼就是含有改性淀粉来达到粘稠作用的常见物质
Stabilizers, thickeners and texturizers give us that texture that we love when eating certain foods.
安定剂，增稠剂和调制剂能使我们吃某种食物时享受到喜欢的食物质地
Again gums are a common source along with gelatine and pectine, which can be found in jellies jams and jello.
口香糖和果胶，明胶都是果冻和果酱中常见的物质
