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The world's top3 killers
世界三大疾病杀手
Heart ailments, infectious diseases and cancer remain the world’s top three killers, the UN health agency said on Monday.
世界卫生组织周一表示,心脏疾病、传染性疾病和癌症仍然是导致人们死亡的三大病症。
Heart attacks and related problems are the top killer, especially among women, claiming 29 percent of people who die each year, the World Health Organization said in a report on the global burden of disease. In second place, infectious diseases lead to 16.2 percent of worldwide deaths.
世界卫生组织在一份全球重点死亡报告中说,心脏病发作及其相连问题是造成死亡最高的。每年死亡人数中的29%是心脏病所致,在女性中尤其突出。排第二的是传染病，占全球死亡人数的16.2%。第三是癌症，占全球死亡人数的12.6%。
Cancer, in third, claims 12.6 percent of global deaths, said the 146-page report, which is based on death registration data from 112 countries and estimates where reporting is incomplete.
这份146页的报告是基于112个国家的死亡统计数据和部分估算数字。
The figures are from 2004，the most recent records available on a wide scale, officials from WHO said. But the rankings are unchanged since 1990 when WHO first did a global check.
世界卫生组织称，这些数字来源于2004年，是距今最近的可供使用的世界范围记录。自世界卫生组织1999年进行全球性调査起，该排名没有变。
Some 58.8 million people died worldwide in 2004, most of them over 60, the report said. Nearly one in five deaths was a child under 5.
2004年全球共有5880万左右的人死亡,他们大多数年龄超过60岁。近1/5是5岁以下的儿童。
The heart disease death rate was virtually unchanged from WHO’s previous study on death causes, based on 2002 figures.
心脏病的死亡率和世卫在2002年统计的数据相比,几乎没有什么变化。
The rate for infectious diseases dropped from 2002, when they accounted for 19.1 percent of the world’s deaths, partly because estimates for AIDS deaths were revised downward last year，said Colin Mathers, a WHO expert and lead author of the report.
世卫专家、报告主笔科林马修说，传染病造成的死亡率与2002年相比下降了。当时传染病占全球死亡人数的19.1%。这其中部分原因可能是去年的预测降低了艾滋病的死亡率。
Women die more often from heart disease than men. The rate for females is 31.5 percent, and for males 26.8 percent, the report said.
心脏病造成女性死亡率大于男性。报告指出，心脏病在女性中的死亡率是31.5%,男性是26.8%。
Mathers said the percentage for women was higher because there were more women Living at older ages than men.
马修说,女性的比例高于男性是因为老年女性活得比老年男性长。
But in general, men are more affected by heart diseases, he said.
但通常来说,男性更容易患上心脏病。
“Men in many parts of the world have a higher risk,M he said，adding that they axe more often overweight or obese, get insufficient physical activity and eat more fat and salt.
“在世界上很多地方，男性患病的风险更高。”他补充解释道,他 们经常超重,没有足够的运动,而且更多地摄取脂肪和盐。
Dr. Nieca Goldberg, an American Heart Association spokeswoman who was not linked to the WHO report, said, “Oftentimes women’s symptoms are more subtle than men’s so they are not recognized and the women don’t seek medical attention as soon as they should."
没有参与该报告的美国心脏协会发言人妮卡古德伯格说：“在大多数情况下，女性的症状比男性隐性多了，造成它不易被察觉,因此大多数女性在她们应该及时就医时没有去接受治疗。”
“For a long time cardiovascular disease was considered a man’s disease，” Goldberg said in an interview. Doctors therefore often failed to evaluate risk factors in women as aggressively as they should, she said.
古德伯格在接受采访时说:"长期以来,心血管疾病被认为是男人的疾病。”因此,医生往往无法评估它们实际上对妇女产生的影响。
Higher rates of women in deaths from heart diseases have been observed since 1984 in the United States, according to Goldberg.
据古德伯格所言，心脏病在女性中有更髙的死亡率,是1984年开始在美国被发现的。
Filling out the top 12 causes of death are respiratory infections including pneumonia in fourth place, 7.2 percent; respiratory diseases, including asthma and allergies, 6.9 percent; accidental injuries and drownings, 6.6 percent; health problems of fetuses and newborns, 5.4 percent; digestive diseases, 3.5 percent; suicide, murder and conflict, 2.8 percent; neuropsychiatric disorders, 2.1 percent; diabetes, 1.9 percent; and maternal health problems related to pregnancy or birth, 0.9 percent.
在12大人类杀手榜上的有:第四名,呼吸道感染，其中包括肺炎,占7.2%,呼吸道疾病,包括哮喘和过敏症,6.9%,意外伤害和溺水,6? 6%>胎儿和新生儿问题,5? 4%,消化道疾病,3.5%,自杀、谋杀和车祸，2.8%,神经错乱,2.1%,糖尿病,1.9%,怀孕或生产过程中的保健问题,0.9%。
Dr. Ties Boerma, who heads WHO's statistics department, said there is always a time delay in assembling such data from a number of countries.
世卫组织统计处主任泰斯布尔玛说，一些国家的这些数据经常没有在统计期内及时提交。
“Countries have a backlog of two, three years in publicizing their own information，he said.
他说"有些国家在数据积压了2、3年后才公布。”
In nations where no death registration data are available, the figures are taken from research studies, which take a few years to get published, Boerma said.
布尔玛说,在不能提供死亡统计数据的国家,采用的是调查研究的数字。这些数字需要好几年才能公布。
