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2 Class relations.
二，阶级关系
Even though the armed peasantry had played a great role in saving Russia from the Time of Troubles,
尽管武装的农民在混乱时代扮演了重要角色
they had nothing left to show for it.
但是他们却无法获得荣誉
Tsar Alexei Ulogenie of 1648 formally bound the peasants to the land and to the landowners once and for all.
1648年，阿列克谢沙皇正式将农奴与土地捆绑，并把他们永远地卖给了地主
Stenka Razin's revolt of 1670 was the first but not the last of peasant uprisings
斯坦卡·瑞金1670年的起义是第一次但绝不是最后一次农民起义
which extended for the rest of the Romanov dynasty's time.
农民起义贯穿了整个罗曼诺夫王朝
While the nobility contributed little if anything to Russia's economy,
贵族对俄国的经济少有贡献
they were now forced to serve in the military or in the civilian administration.
但是他们当时被迫到军队或是人民政府去工作
As a rule, the best and brightest among the nobles preferred the cavalry to the peasantry.
通常最精明的贵族比起农奴会更喜欢骑兵队
Even so, this disaffected bunch of nobles was the only force for order and justice in rural Russia.
即使如此，这些不忠的贵族是维护俄国农村秩序与公平的唯一力量
Autocratic as Peter remained, it was harder for Peter to preserve autocracy and centralized as the Russian Empire grew larger and larger.
虽然彼得大帝喜好独裁，但是随着俄罗斯帝国不断扩张，要保持中央集权和独裁越来越难
