【视频讲解】

On June 3rd, a train loaded with highly volatile crude oil derailed just outside the small town of Mosier in Oregon's Columbia River Valley.
6月3日，一辆装满高挥发性原油的火车，在俄勒冈州哥伦比亚河流域的莫西尔小镇外脱轨

Volatile
1. 易挥发的
2. 变化无常的
There have been riots before and the situation is volatile.
先前一直就有暴乱，局势变化无常。
3. 情绪不稳定的
He accompanied the volatile actress to Hollywood the following year.

他次年陪那个情绪反复无常的女演员去了好莱坞。
Derail
1. 脱轨
2. 打乱 (原定计划)
The present wave of political killings is the work of people trying to derail peace talks.
现在的政治谋杀浪潮是那些试图破坏和平谈判进程的人所为。

More than 40,000 gallons of crude spilled out of the train. Some burned away in a 14-hour long fire at the scene.
超过4万加仑的原油从火车上倾泻而出。一些原油在现场燃烧了长达四个小时的大火中烧掉。

spill out 泄露；
He knocks the bucket over and all the water spill out.
他撞翻了水桶，水全流出去了。
Leak 渗漏
It's thought a gas leak may have caused the blast.
人们认为可能是煤气泄漏引起了爆炸
at the scene 在现场
He stated categorically that he was not at the scene of the crime.
他一口咬定当时不在现场。

Some got into the wastewater treatment system. And some of the spilled crude oil found its way into the nearby groundwater.
一些原油进入了污水处理系统。而另外一些泄漏原油则流入了附近的地下水中。

Crude
1. 处于天然的或未经加工状态的
=rude, primitive, raw, rough
2. 粗略的,
Standard measurements of blood pressure are an important but crude way of assessing the risk of heart disease or strokes.
标准的血压测量是评估心脏病或中风风险的一种重要却粗略的方法。

3. 粗鲁地
He hated it when she spoke so crudely.

他讨厌她说话那么粗鲁。

Crews with Union Pacific Railroad Company and the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality are now focused on getting that groundwater clean again.
联合太平洋铁路公司以及俄勒冈州环境质量部门的职员现在将注意力转移到了地下水清理上。

Crew
1. 全体船员; 全体机务人员
2. 一组工作人员
...a two-man film crew making a documentary.
…一个制作纪录片的两人摄制组。

They're using a technique called "biosparging," which helps the naturally occurring microorganisms at the site consume the oil. The biosparging relies on pumping additional oxygen underground.
他们利用了一种叫做“生物注气法”的技术，这种技术可以帮助现场存在的微生物消耗石油。“生物注气法”这种技术依靠的是注入地下的额外氧气。

Biosparge
=bio + sparge 生物喷洒
Sparge 洒; 撒
to sparge water on the street
往大马路上喷洒清水

"And this additional oxygen will cause the population of microbes to expand very quickly.“ Oregon Department of Environmental Quality project manager Bob Schwarz. "So the more microbes, the more quickly the oil gets consumed."
“额外的氧气会导致微生物的数量迅速增长。”勒冈州环境质量部门的项目经理鲍勃•施瓦茨说道。“所以微生物越多，石油消耗的速度也就越快。”

Population
1. 人口
2. 种群
We've been talking about single cell or some subset of cells and propagating them so that you get a larger population of cells.
我们说到了一个细胞,或者一组细胞进行繁殖以后,你就能得到数目可观的细胞
floating population
流动人口
aging population
老年人口；老化人口
population explosion
人口爆炸；人口激增
population census
人口普查

Schwarz says it's unclear exactly how much oil contaminated the groundwater.
"We're measuring it in hundreds of parts per billion, with a 'b,' so it's a very small mass. But the levels are still high enough for us to have to clean it up."
施瓦茨表示，目前尚不清楚地下水中还有多少石油。“我们估计大约是十亿分之几百，所以，数量非常的小。但是，这对于我们来说，需要清理的量也是非常多的。”

Contaminate 污染
Have any fish been contaminated in the Arctic Ocean?
北冰洋里有鱼受到污染了吗?
clean up 清理，清除(污染物)；
We should clean up the dirty parts of the sea.
我们应该清除海里的污染部分。

Schwarz says the groundwater treatment system will likely continue for the next year. Meanwhile, trains will resume carrying oil through the area—a move that, according to Oregon Public Broadcasting, local fire chief Jim Appleton called "insane" at the time of the accident.
施瓦茨表示，地下水处理系统可能会持续至明年。同时，火车还会继续装载石油经过该区域，据俄勒冈州公共广播报道，当地消防队长吉姆•阿普尔顿在事故发生时表示这举动“十分疯狂”。

Resume(注意和assume词的差别！)
重新开始
After the war he resumed his duties at Wellesley College.
那场战争之后，他恢复了在韦尔斯利学院的任职。
Insane 疯狂的; 愚蠢的
He asked me what I thought and I said, "Listen, this is completely insane."
他问我是怎么想的，我说，“听着，这十分愚蠢。”