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There’s a pretty awesome scene in The Fate of the Furious
《速度与激情》中有一个非常炫酷的片段
where Jason Statham fights a bunch of armed mercenaries on an airplane while holding an adorable baby in a carrier.
就是杰森·斯塔森一边护着萌娃的摇篮，一边和一群荷枪实弹的雇佣兵在飞机上打斗的场面。
I've always wondered how babies end up in situations like this.
我一直在想，这种情况下宝宝们最后都怎么样了？
What kind of hoops do you have to jump through to cast babies in Hollywood?
好莱坞拍这些宝宝都是怎么拍的？
You were gonna shoot a baby? You sick bastard.
你竟然打算对一个孩子下手？简直是丧心病狂的大变态！
Besides babysitting, delivering newspaprs, and, uh, wreath making,
除了保姆、报纸派送和，呃，花环制作行业，
show business is the only industry that can legally employ children under the age of 14
影视圈是唯一能够合法聘用14岁以下未成年的行业
In fact, they’ve been in movies almost since the birth of cinema.
事实上，儿童演员几乎是和演艺圈同时诞生的。
I hate myself so much.
我没当上儿童演员实在是太可惜了。
Casting a baby isn’t as simple as casting a grown up actor though,
然而，拍小孩可没有拍大人那么简单，
For one: they don’t have to get their shift at Starbucks covered to go to an audition,
首先，他们不需要为了拍摄让别人帮他去星巴克上班，
but mostly because there are some special rules producers have to follow when casting an infant.
然而，最重要的原因还是制片商在拍摄婴儿时必须遵守一些规则。
For example, in California, babies can only be on set for two consecutive hours per day,
打个比方，在加州，婴儿一天只能连续拍摄两小时，
with actual work not exceeding 20 minutes “under any circumstances.”
而且，“无论如何”，婴儿实际的工作时间都不能超过20分钟
The state’s child labor laws also require that babies be at least 15 days old to be eligible for a work permit.
美国童工法还规定，至少15天大的婴儿才可以参与拍摄。
Which is good news for babies who can just chill during their literal first days on earth,
对于那些刚刚降生还什么都不会的宝宝们来说，这是一件好事，
but not so good for productions that have scenes with newborns
对那些要拍摄新生儿的制片商来说则不然，
because the thing is, if you’ve ever seen a baby that’s two weeks old,
因为如果你见过2周大的孩子，
you know that they don’t exactly look like a newborn anymore.
你就知道它们不像新生儿。
In order to get past this hurdle, productions often try to cast preemies,
为了解决这个问题，制片商通常会选择拍摄早产儿，
who look newborn even when they’re the required minimum of 15 days old,
尽管他们满足了15天大的最低门槛，但看上去仍然像是新生儿，
and in a lot of places outside of California that’s perfectly legal.
而且在加州之外的很多地方，这种做法都是完全合法的。
In 16 states there are actually zero regulations regarding minimum age for baby employment in films
美国有16个州对演艺圈雇用婴儿都没有设置任何年龄门槛
and many other states have laws that are pretty lax.
其他州即便是有规定，也不是很严格。
In New Jersey for example a month-old baby can work five hours a day, five days a week
比如，在新泽西，一个月大的婴儿一天可以工作五个小时，一周可以工作五天，
and in Louisiana they can be employed six hours a day, six days a week.
在路易斯安纳州，他们则可以一天工作六个小时，一周工作六天，
That’s more hours than I worked when I bagged groceries after I graduated college
比我刚毕业时在杂货店打工时工作的时间都长，
and no, I DO NOT want to talk about it.
往事不堪回首，求放过……
Most states also do nothing to protect the money that babies make.
大多数州也没有保护婴儿收入的规定。
Only a few places follow the Coogan Law, which requires that child actors be set up with a blocked trust account to protect their earnings.
只有很少几个地方遵守了未成年明星权益保护法，该法律规定要给儿童演员设立独立信托账户，保护他们的收入。
The law is named after Jackie Coogan, an early 20th century child actor
该法律是以20世纪早期的童星Jackie Coogan的名字命名的，
who was in a number of Charlie Chaplin films including the American classic The Kid.
他曾出演过包括那部美国经典电影《寻子遇仙记》在内的卓别林系列电影
As a child actor he reportedly earned as much as $4 million,
据报道，他当儿童演员挣的钱多达400万美元，
but his parents squandered all his money by the time he became an adult.
然而，到他成年时，他父母已经将他的钱挥霍一空
Because of his s***ty parents,
就因为他那人渣父母，
moms and dads in these states are required to set aside 15 persent of their minor’s income in a Coogan account,
这些州规定，儿童演员的父母必须拿出孩子资产的15%存入未成年明星账户，
which the child can access at the age of 18.
等他们长到18岁才可使用这笔资产。
Shooting with babies can be complicated, but the film industry has a way of working around it.
拍摄婴儿不是一件容易的事，但对此演艺圈也不是没有办法。
I would say 90 to 95 percent of jobs for babies and toddlers
我得说，婴幼儿90%-95%的拍摄工作
are exclusive to twins and triplets because two babies can play one character.
几乎无一例外地都是用双胞胎或三胞胎在拍摄，因为他们可以换来换去饰演一个角色。
So there's two advantages there.
这样做有两个好处。
Number one you can have them both come to set at the same time.
一是你可以把他们同时带到片场，
So if Twin A gets fussy they can call in Twin B and they can use the babies back and forth.
一个宝宝不安分还可以换另一个，这样就可以换来换去地拍。
And the other thing is sometimes production will split their call times
二是制片商有时候会分开拍摄两个宝宝，
so they'll have one baby come in let's say at 9:00 in the morning have another baby come in at 2:00 in the afternoon.
比如，他们可以让其中一个早上9点开始拍摄，另一个则从下午2点开始拍摄
And so it extends their day.
这样就能延长拍摄时间。
Also half of all twins and almost all triplets are born premature,
而且，将近50%的双胞胎以及几乎所有三胞胎都是早产儿，
so productions get more working hours and they look newborn.
这样一来，制片商不仅可以延长拍摄宝宝的时间，这些宝宝看起来也会更像新生儿，
Sean Penn had a different solution.
然而，肖恩·潘没有走寻常路。
He directed a movie that nobody saw called The Last Face where they put out a casting call for a one day old baby.
他执导过一部冷门电影《最后的模样》，为此他们要征集拍摄年龄大一些的孩子。
Since they were shooting in South Africa,
因为该电影是在南非取景的，
where you can cast minors with the permission of the Department of Labour, it was totally legal.
在南非，只要有人力资源部的批准，拍摄小孩是完全合法的。
Babies in show biz probably rake in big bucks right? Unfortunately… not.
演艺圈的宝贝演员肯定个个都赚得盆满钵满吧？不幸的是……事实并非如此。
Babies obviously can’t talk, so they are usually classified as an “under 5”,
显然，婴儿不会说话，所以他们通常被归为“五句以下”的演员，
a term that refers to an actor with less than five lines.
也就是在剧中台词少于五句的演员群体。
It's interesting because you can have a baby who is a recurring character on a TV show and has a name that the public can relate to,
有趣的是，虽然这些宝宝可能会在某电视节目里反复出现，观众甚至都能记住它们的名字，
but a lot of those babies are only getting paid between 200 and 300 dollars a day.
但很多宝贝一天的报酬却只有200-300美元。
but a lot of those babies are only getting paid between 200 and 300 dollars a day.
但很多宝贝一天的报酬却只有200-300美元。
So babies don’t really make a ton of money.
所以，宝贝演员们并没有赚到大钱。
And casting them sounds like kind of a nightmare
拍摄婴儿又那么棘手
are there any other options?
那……就没有别的办法了吗？
Cut to American Sniper: Not all of them are as fake as this one,
画面切换到《美国狙击手》：虽然不是所有宝宝都这么假，
but plenty of productions resort to using fake babies, at least for part of the shoot.
但不少制片商都会选择拍摄假宝宝，至少部分镜头如此。
Hey! Tend to my daughter please, right now!
嘿! 放开我女儿，你给我放开！
It is quite common that you know they’ll use fake babies for the far away scenes
大家都知道，远景拍摄时用假宝宝，
and then you know they'll hire a baby when they need a close up shot or a face shot.
等特写或者拍摄面部的时候再雇一个真的宝宝，这些做法都已经稀松平常了。
And there are robot babies out there that look pretty convincing.
此外，参与拍摄的还有几乎可以以假乱真的机器人宝宝。
And by convincing I mean terrifying.
说到以假乱真，我的意思是细思极恐。
I never thought I’d use a Mandy Moore clip in one of my videos but here we go:
我从没想过自己会剪辑Mandy Moore的镜头，不过看看也无妨：
They have this one robotic baby. It’s weird guys.
他们用了一个机器人宝宝。很诡异的好嘛
I have like two very emotional scenes where I’m talking to a newborn in the hospital
有两个镜头是我情绪非常激动地跟刚刚在医院出生的婴儿说话，
and I go to put my hand on the robotic baby and it’s like vibrating and like making these weird movements.
而且我要把手放在那个机器人宝宝身上，那个机器人会振动，而且看起来很不自然。
Babies on screen aren’t going away anytime soon.
短时间内，宝宝们并不会从荧幕上消失。
So until producers find a cheap and easy CGI fix for the baby dilemma,
所以，除非制片商能用更便宜也更容易的特效来解决婴儿拍摄这一困境，
it looks like they’ll continue to have to work within the regulations that are set up.
否则，婴儿可能还要在相关规定之内继续拍摄工作。
Or they'll just cast demonic robot infants who will destroy us all.
不然，他们就得用辣眼睛的机器人婴儿拍摄了。
