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Segment 23a: Introduction
23段第一部分，简介
Although Joseph Stalin was not Lenin's choice as a successor,
尽管约瑟夫·斯大林不是列宁心目中的接班人
he acquired and built up his power over the Soviet Union by playing ruthlessly to Soviet fears.
但他也靠其高压统治的威慑，掌握并建立了自己的政权
In Stalin's view, the motherland of Socialism was surrounded on the outside by ruthless capitalists
在斯大林看来，社会主义的故乡被外界恐怖的资产阶级包围
and threatened from within by class enemies and counter-revolutionaries.
受到了阶级敌人以及反革命分子的威胁
Stalin acquired supreme power by playing communist power bosses off against each other
斯大林让共产党内部内讧
and by inventing the cult, as we have already discussed, of the deceased Lenin.
同时又掀起了对已故领导人列宁的个人崇拜，从而坐收渔翁之利，夺取了最高领导权
Once in power, Stalin dropped the new economic policy, which was too nice,
刚刚掌权他就废除了过于理想化的新经济政策
and he installed the dictatorial regime he believed would ensure his goal of socialism in one country.
建立了集权统治，他认为只有这种方法才能确保实现整个国家的社会主义目标
Millions of Soviet people paid with their lives for Stalin's priorities.
数以百万计的苏联人民为斯大林的统治政策付出了生命
In Segment 23b: Cult of Personality
23段第二部分，个人崇拜
Stalin personally takes control of the Communist Party through desperate planning.
斯大林通过精心的安排夺取了共产党的领导权
Because Stalin was neither a great speaker nor a great Marxist theoretician,
斯大林既不是口若悬河的演讲家，也不是伟大的马克思主义理论家
his associates in power, his fellow Bolsheviks, didn't take him very seriously.
他的政治同党布尔什维克党并没有把他当回事儿
