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This episode of SciShow is sponsored by Snickers. It's not. Though it should be! Get on it, Snickers!
本期科学秀由士力架赞助播出。并不是。本来应该是的！看我，士力架！
It's happened to the best of us. It's close to dinner time, your stomach is grumbling...
多数人都经历过这样的情况，饭点快到了，你的胃超饿...
All of a sudden your significant other's foot tapping becomes too much to bear, and you lash out.
突然，那个人不停地跺脚，你再也无法忍受，然后你展开猛烈抨击。
Your partner has fallen victim to hanger, the grumpiness you feel when you are hungry.
你的父母成为饿怒的受害者，当你饥饿的时候，你会感觉暴躁。
And it isn't an excuse—it's an actual physiological and psychological phenomenon. Science has shown that hanger is real.
这并不是借口—这是一种真实的生理和心理现象。科学表明饿怒确有其事。
For example, people jab more pins into a voodoo doll of their spouses or choose to blast loud noises at their partner when their blood glucose levels are low.
例如，当体内血糖水平较低时，人们会往配偶巫毒娃娃上戳更多针，或是选择冲父母们大吼大叫。
Psychologists think that this may be because hunger impairs self-control.
心理学家认为这或许是因为饥饿削弱了自控能力。
Not acting impulsively takes brainpower, and when the brain's low on fuel, it just doesn't have the energy to hold back.
大脑此时并不是冲动行事，当大脑能量低时，大脑只是失去了抑制的能力。
Another explanation is that hanger is basically a mistake your brain makes when you're not sure what's causing your body to feel bad.
另一种解释是，饿怒主要是当你不知道是什么导致身体不适时，大脑犯的错误。
That's because some psychologists think feeling emotions is actually a combination of what's physically going on in your body and what your mind thinks is the reason for that.
一些心理学家认为这是因为感受情绪事实上是身体运行和大脑所认为的运行原因的一种结合。
So if you don't realize what's making you feel off, you might pick a different emotion.
所以如果你没有意识到是什么让你感觉不适时，你或许会选择一个不同的情绪。
When you haven't eaten in a while, you might attribute your rumbling stomach, tiredness and fuzzy-head to other feelings that cause those reactions, like stress or even anger.
当你长时间未进食，你会将饥饿的肠胃、疲惫以及头晕都归咎与引起这些反应的其他情绪，比如焦虑甚至是愤怒。
No really — this is a thing. Scientists have shown that this can happen.
其实并非如此。科学家们表示饿怒确有发生。
For example, experimenters in a 2016 study irked 236 college students by making the computer they were using crash.
例如，2016年一项研究中的试验者通过电脑死机来触怒这236名大学生。
Those that had fasted before the test reacted more negatively, seeming to add their hunger-related feelings to the frustration induced by the tech glitch.
那些测试前绝食的学生反应更加消极，似乎他们将饥饿相关的感觉带入到了这种机器故障的沮丧中。
They even reported more hatred towards the experimenter. Hatred!
报告中称他们甚至更加憎恨这些试验者。是憎恨哟！
And that might sound extreme, but it's an honest mistake, because hunger and anger look a lot alike physiologically.
这听起来似乎有些极端，但是这是一个诚实的错误，因为从心理学角度看，饥饿和愤怒很相似。
Some of the same brain regions are activated both when you feel angry and when you're hungry.
当你感到愤怒以及当你感到饥饿时，一些相同的大脑区域被激活。
And that's because the same brain chemical—a tiny protein called neuropeptide Y—both prompts your body to eat when your energy reserves are low and regulates aggression.
这是因为当你的能量储存较低且在管控攻击行为时，同一种大脑化学物质—一种微蛋白质，神经肽Y——同时提示你的身体进食。
Actually, it makes a lot of sense,
事实上，这也解释得通，
because hunger is your brain's way of signaling the release of hormones that increase the amount of glucose into your bloodstream so that your tissues don't starve.
因为饥饿是大脑提示释放激素的一种方式，这能够增加进入你血流中的葡萄糖含量，这样你的组织才不会挨饿。
And those same hormones are released in stressful situations, when a boost of glucose could help you outmuscle a predator or run away.
那些相同的激素在紧张情况下被释放，大量葡萄糖能帮助你增加能量或是逃跑。
And the connection between hunger and aggression might be more than a bodily coincidence.
饥饿和攻击间的联系或许不仅仅是一种身体的巧合。
For our ancestors, food wasn't always a reliable thing.
对我们的祖先来说，食物并不只是一种可靠的东西。
Their feelings of hunger were a sign that food was scarce, so whatever they found when hungry was probably worth fighting for.
他们的饥饿感是食物缺乏的迹象，所以饿的时候，任何食物都是值得他们去战斗。
Being hangrier, and thus more aggressive about securing meals, might have helped them get the fuel they needed to outcompete more complacently hungry rivals.
越饿，获取食物的攻击性越强，这或许帮助他们获得所需的能量打败更加饥饿的对手。
And the legacy of that hanger lives on in us today.
这种饿怒的遗传至今仍在。
So the next time you feel yourself about to bubble over with frustration, remember: it may be your body's way of decoding your empty stomach.
所以下次感觉自己抑制不住的沮丧时，记住：这或许是你身体破译饥饿的方式。
So go eat a snack! But not a Snickers. Yet.
所以吃点东西吧！反正不要吃士力架。哼~
Thanks for asking, and thank you to our actual President of Space today, who would just like us to say that it's "Not SR Foxley."
感谢提问，感谢Space董事。这次他让我们说“不是SR Foxle”。
It's usually SR Foxley, but this time it isn't, and that's the only thing that this person wanted us to say.
通常是要感谢SR Foxle的啦，但是这次并不是。
Without our Patreon patrons, like SR Foxley and also Not SR Foxley, we wouldn't be able to make SciShow and answer all of your maddening questions about the universe.
没有Patreon的赞助人们，比如，不管是不是SR Foxley啦，我们就不可能制作科学秀，也不能回答大家关于宇宙的问题。
Thank you to all those people. Everyone except Snickers.
感谢那些人。每个人，除了士力架。
