评论
打印
You know that feeling.
你知道那种感觉。
All of a sudden, you hear your jam, and whether you're in the club or your living room or a grocery store,
你突然听到了音乐，不管是在俱乐部、还是在客厅，亦或是在杂货店，
you get that urge to just....Start to do the move!
你都冲动得想要动起来！
Well, while your moves probably aren't quite as awesome as mine, that's okay.
虽然你的动作可能不如我的酷，但没关系。
They're totally unique to you.
它们对你来说是独一无二的。
And weirdly enough, that means that people can actually learn a lot about you just from watching you boogie down,
奇怪的是，这意味着人们从你的摇摆中可以了解你的很多信息，
and you can learn about them, too.
你也可以了解他们。
Dancing is one of the oldest forms of cultural expression and every studied culture around the world does it.
舞蹈是最古老的文化表达形式之一，世界上每个研究文化的人都研究它。
It might be so ubiquitous because our brains just seem to like it, especially when we're doing it with someone else.
它可能非常普遍，因为我们的大脑似乎很喜欢它，我们和别人一起共舞时更是如此。
Studies have shown that dancing with a partner makes us happier, for example,
例如，研究表明，和舞伴一起跳舞会让我们更快乐，
and that regular dancing can slow age-related cognitive declines.
经常舞蹈能减缓与年龄有关的认知能力下降。
Plus, old people dancing is adorable.
而且，老年人跳舞也很可爱。
But it turns out dancing doesn't just improve our happiness or health.
但事实证明，跳舞不仅能改善我们的幸福或健康。
It also tells us a lot about other people.
它还能告诉我们很多其他人的信息。
It's a part of what psychologists call social cognition,
这是心理学家所说的社会认知的一部分，
which is basically how we make sense of information about other people and social situations.
社会认知主要是指我们如何理解他人和社会状况的信息。
And it includes things like the intel we gain from reading facial expressions
它的内容还包括我们从阅读面部表情
or tracking what other people are looking at.
或者追踪别人正在看的事物中获得的信息。
These subtle signals can help us avoid danger, get along with others, or take cues from their behavior.
这些微妙的信号可以帮助我们避免危险、与他人相处，或者从他们的行为中获取线索。
And scientists have found that we can glean a lot just by watching someone dance.
科学家们已经发现，我们能从别人的舞蹈中收集很多信息。
Kids can accurately interpret emotions from dance by age four or five, for example,
例如，四五岁的孩子能准确理解舞蹈表达的情感，
and can also depict a requested emotion by, say, making their teddy bear dance.
他们也可以通过让泰迪熊跳舞来描述其被要求的情绪。
And adults can figure out emotions just from point-light displays.
成年人仅仅通过点光源表演就能辨别情绪。
You know, like those videos where LEDs are attached to someone's joints in the dark
比如这些视频，黑暗中连接到某些接头的LED灯
and it all seems like random dots of light…
看起来像是随意分布的光点……
but then something kind of snaps into place and you realize it's somebody cycling or walking.
但随后又有东西出现在此，你会意识到这是有人在骑车或走路。
Well studies have found that we can tell emotions just by looking at those while someone dances.
研究发现，我们可以通过观察人们跳舞来判断其情绪。
But reading emotions is just the tip of the iceberg or the toe of the point shoe?
但我们只能找到情绪吗，还是跳舞能传达更多信息？
Studies suggest dancing might also relay key information about potential mates.
研究表明，跳舞也可能传递潜在伴侣的关键信息。
For example, a 2015 study involving 75 men and 84 women found that
例如，2015年一项涉及75名男性和84名女性的研究发现，
the women's judgments of men dancing correlated with the guys' grip strength.
女性对男性舞蹈的判断与男性的握力有关。
The men, however, weren't able to pick out the stronger women based on how good their dancing was,
然而，男性却不能根据她们的舞蹈好坏来挑选更强壮的女性，
suggesting that men and women extract different intel from the quality of their potential partner's dance moves.
这表明，男性与女性从他们潜在伴侣的舞蹈动作质量中提取不同信息。
In case you were wondering, this quote-unquote "good dancing" is quantifiable,
你可能会好奇，这个所谓的“好舞蹈”竟可以量化，
at least when it comes to what specific groups of people generally find attractive.
至少在涉及特定人群的吸引力时可以量化。
A 2010 European study found that men were rated as good dancers
2010年，欧洲的一项研究发现，男性是否被评为优秀舞者
depending on how much and how variably they moved their neck and torso and also on how fast they moved their right knee.
取决于他们移动脖子和躯体的程度以及灵活度，也取决于他们右膝的移动速度。
But not the left one, weirdly enough. So just get that… boy going!
但奇怪的是，左膝不管用。所以，让那个男孩走吧！
And a similar 2017 study found that good dancing in women
2017年的一项类似研究发现，擅长跳舞的女性
involved big hip movements and moving their right and left limbs independently of one other.
都有大幅度的臀部动作和左右肢体的独立动作。
So get one up here and on up there.
所以这里动起来，那里动起来。
Why these movements were deemed attractive isn't clear,
这些动作为什么被认为有吸引力还不清楚，
and it's possible that the definition of "good dancing" differs culturally or changes over time.
“好舞蹈”的定义可能因文化不同或时间变迁而变化。
But it's still likely that the hottest dance moves seem so attractive because of the information they convey.
但最热门的舞蹈动作似乎因它们传达的信息依然吸引人。
And that includes things that aren't physical.
这些信息不只是身体方面的。
You can get an idea of who a person is from the way they twerk as well.
你可以从一个人的电臀舞来判断他是谁。
A 2011 study of 50 men and 60 women found that
2011年一项针对50名男性和60名女性的研究发现，
the women could detect risk-taking in men based on how good their dancing was, for example.
例如，女性可以根据男性的舞蹈水平来判断他们的冒险程度。
Risk-taking is associated with good health and vigor and having lots of testosterone,
冒险与健康活力以及大量的睾丸激素有关，
so it could potentially signal a good mate.
所以它可能是一个好伴侣的信号。
And a 2009 study found that there was a correlation between the way people danced and the 'Big Five' personality traits,
2009年的一项研究发现，人们的跳舞方式和“五大”人格特质存在关联，
which are part of a popular model of personality that puts everyone on a sliding scale for each of five overarching traits.
“五大”人格特质是流行人格的一部分，后者让每个人在五个首要性格特征中都有一个可伸缩的尺度。
There were only 20 participants, so it was a pretty small study.
它的参与者只有20人，所以这是一个很小的研究。
But, when researchers recorded and tracked the spontaneous dance moves
但是，当研究人员记录和追踪
that the participants did to twelve measures of bluesy music,
参与者跟随十二小节布鲁斯音乐做得自发舞蹈动作时，
they did find correlations between how they moved and how they scored on a personality assessment.
发现他们的动作方式的确与其性格评估得分有关。
Those who scored high on neuroticism were more likely to have jerky movements,
那些神经质得分高的人更有可能动作不稳定，
while those who scored high on openness and agreeableness tended to have smoother ones.
而那些在开放性与宜人性方面得分较高的人往往动作更流畅。
And extraversion and conscientiousness were both related to faster movement.
外向性和尽责性都与动作快有关。
So all you need to do to figure somebody out is be like, "Hey, show me your moves!", right?
所以你要确定某人的性格需要做的就是，“嘿，让我看看你的动作！”，对吧？
Because that won't be weird at all. Well, here's some good news!
因为这一点儿都不奇怪。这里有一些好消息！
You don't necessarily have to watch them dance, just dance a lot yourself.
你不一定要看他们跳舞，你可以自己多跳些舞。
Studies have found that people with a lot of dance experience are better at reading other people.
研究发现，有很多舞蹈经验的人更擅长理解别人的动作。
And that may be because physically and mentally challenging activities can shape your brain.
这可能是因为身体和心理上的挑战活动可以塑造你的大脑。
A whole variety of different kinds of movement and gaming activities,
各种各样的运动和游戏活动，
from sports to video games to chess, have actually been shown to improve cognitive skills, including social cognition.
从运动到电子游戏再到国际象棋，都被证明可以提高认知能力，包括社会认知能力
For example, studies have found people with more experience dancing are better at making sense of other people's dancing.
例如，研究发现，舞蹈经验丰富的人更善于理解别人的舞蹈。
That may be because dance causes more activity in brain regions involved in mirroring for them,
这可能是因为舞蹈会导致镜像它们的大脑区域活动更频繁，
which means that the parts of their brain involved in actually dancing really light up when they watch other people dance.
也就是说，当他们观看别人跳舞时，自己大脑中与跳舞有关的区域就会活跃起来。
This kind of neural mirroring is thought to be a big part of accurately interpreting social signals.
这种神经镜像被认为是准确解读社会信号的重要组成部分。
And in a 2017 study of 61 people who like to dance to hip hop,
2017年，对61个喜欢跳嘻哈舞的人的研究表明，
the more hip hop dancing experience they had,
他们跳得嘻哈舞越多，
the better they were at assessing the emotional state of people's faces in photos.
就越擅长评估照片中人们的情绪状态。
From that, the researchers concluded that dancing made them better at social cognition tasks
研究人员由此得出结论，跳舞使他们在社会认知任务中表现得更好，
even when those tasks weren't related to dancing.
即使这些任务与舞蹈无关。
So maybe Meghan Trainor is onto something.
所以也许梅根·特瑞娜有点儿想法。
Because whether you dance like yo daddy, move like yo momma, or just do what you wanna,
因为你不管是像你爸爸一样跳舞，还是像你妈妈一样运动，或者只是做你想做的动作，
psychologists think dancing not only tells others about you, it might help you tell you more about them.
心理学家都认为，跳舞不仅能让别人了解你，还能让你更了解他们。
And that's helpful whether you're looking for a dance partner or interviewing for the job you've always wanted.
你无论是在找舞伴还是面试一直想要的工作，这都很有帮助。
So get out there, because science telling you to bust that move!
所以，走出去，因为科学告诉你要行动起来！
Thanks for watching this episode of SciShow Psych!
感谢您收看本期的心理科学秀！
If learning this kind of awesome information
如果你想知道
about how your brain works makes you want to break into song and dance,
“你的大脑如何运作让你想要开始唱歌和跳舞”，
you might want to click that little subscribe button,
你可能会想点击订阅按钮，
so YouTube will let you know every time we post an episode. Thanks.
我们每更新一期，Youtube都会通知你。感谢您的收看。
