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20 Small World
第二十章 小生物的世界
It's probably not a good idea to take too personal an interest in your microbes. Louis Pasteur, the great French chemist and bacteriologist, became so preoccupied with them that he took to peering critically at every dish placed before him with a magnifying glass, a habit that presumably did not win him many repeat invitations to dinner.
要是你对身边的微生物过于在意，这很可能不是个好习惯。法国大化学家、微生物学家路易·巴斯德对他身边的微生物如此小心，连放到面前的每盆菜肴都要用放大镜仔细看一眼。由于他的这种习惯，很多人有可能不会再邀请他吃饭。
In fact, there is no point in trying to hide from your bacteria, for they are on and around you always, in numbers you can't conceive. If you are in good health and averagely diligent about hygiene, you will have a herd of about one trillion bacteria grazing on your fleshy plains— about a hundred thousand of them on every square centimeter of skin. They are there to dine off the ten billion or so flakes of skin you shed every day, plus all the tasty oils and fortifying minerals that seep out from every pore and fissure. You are for them the ultimate food court, with the convenience of warmth and constant mobility thrown in. By way of thanks, they give you B.O.
实际上，你也无须回避细菌，因为你的身上和周围总是有很多细菌，多得简直无法想象。即使你身体很健康，而且总的来说很注意卫生，也大约有一万亿个细菌在你的皮肤上进食——每平方厘米上有10万个左右。它们在那里吃掉100亿片左右你每天脱落的皮屑，再加上从每个毛孔和组织里流出来的味道不错的油脂，以及强身壮体的矿物质。你是它们举行冷餐会的场所，还具有暖暖和和、不停地移动的便利条件。为了表示感激，它们给你体臭。
And those are just the bacteria that inhabit your skin. There are trillions more tucked away in your gut and nasal passages, clinging to your hair and eyelashes, swimming over the surface of your eyes, drilling through the enamel of your teeth. Your digestive system alone is host to more than a hundred trillion microbes, of at least four hundred types. Some deal with sugars, some with starches, some attack other bacteria. A surprising number, like the ubiquitous intestinal spirochetes, have no detectable function at all. They just seem to like to be with you.
上面说的只是寄生在你皮肤上的细菌。还有几万亿个细菌钻进你的肠胃里和鼻孔里，粘在你的头发和睫毛上，在你的眼睛表面游泳，在你的牙龈上打孔。光你的消化系统就是100万亿个以上细菌的寄主，至少有400多个品种。有的分解糖，有的处理淀粉，有的向别的细菌发起攻击。许多细菌没有明显的作用，比如无处不在的肠内螺旋体。它们似乎只喜欢跟你在一起。
