1.jot down 草草记下
Sometimes I outline in more detail, and sometimes I just jot down a few sub-headings that will guide me through it all.
有时我会记录一些细节，有时我只是草草记下一些能够引导我贯穿全文的小标题。

2.at some point 在某种程度上；在某些要点上
The difference is at some point you say enough is enough.
不同的是在某些要点上你说足够就够了。

3.not long after 之后不久
Not long after getting back on his feet, he began mentoring schoolkids in the city.
恢复行走之后不久，他开始在这个城市指导学童。

4.confer an advantage 带来优势
Lateralization seems to confer an advantage for some fish as well.
鱼类的脑部侧化现象则似乎也能带来一些生存优势。