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Second, Ellen Langer talks about mindfulness. She defines mindfulness as creating novel distinctions.
第二个方法艾伦·兰格说的用心。她把用心定义为创造出新的差别
It's similar to creating variaty.
其实跟变着来练差不多
Looking at the things that I haven't seen before, that I haven't looked at before.
看我以前没留意过的东西，我没正眼看过的东西
This is also a way to maintain love. You know people talk about how over time you become, you adapt to your relationships. well,
这也是维持爱的一个办法。有些人说随着时间过去，他们就会适应一段恋情，其实
there's something new to discover about a person every time, whether it's about my parents, whether it's about lover, whether it's about my friends.
我们每次都能从别人身上看到不同的东西，不管是父母，还是情人，还是朋友
Creating novel distinctions. Looking at it mindfully. Focusing on it.
创造新的差别，用心去看，专注在上面
And maintaining freshness through this focus.
通过这个新的专注产生新鲜感
Visualizing it. Steven Kosslyn from William James Hall, head of our department did research, showing that kids actually visualize most words.
图像化。威廉·詹姆斯大楼的史蒂文·科斯林，我们系的主任做过一个研究表明孩子会在脑海里把单词形成图像
So when you see- let's say mother, immediately the picture of mother comes up.
所以当他们看到——假设是母亲，他们脑海里马上形成母亲的图像
Or it's very often for us when we talk these words unautomatic, we no longer visualize it, which is why it takes kids longer to think.
很多时候我们说这些词，如果不是有意识地话都不会在脑海里形成图像，这就是为什么孩子的思维比我们慢
Because they are still visualizing the words. It is not unautomatic anymore, which also explains why kids live like kids,
因为他们还在脑海里把单词变成图像，但大人要有意识地才能形成图像，这就解释了为什么孩子活着这么有童真
why they are able to appreciate the simplist of things, to be mesmerized by airplane up there.
为什么他们会感激简单的东西，看到飞机都这么高兴
Or when they talk about what they did at day care. They live like children.
谈到他们在日托所做的开心事。他们活得很有童真
And what we have become over the years. We adapt to it. We become numb to a lot of these things. So one of the ways to chip away the numbness,
我们长大成人时，我们适应了，我们对这些东西都麻木了，除掉这些麻木的方法之一
one of the ways to do it is to visualize.
就是在脑海里形成图像
And when we visualize, we start to see things once again like kids do.
当我们形成了图像，我们就能重新像孩子一样看待事物
