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Today the Surgeon General of the United States made his first major public statement about AIDS.
今天，美国卫生部第一次就艾滋病做了重大宣布。
He called for sex education in schools, and he suggested more direct ways to prevent AIDS.
卫生部部长呼吁在各学校推行性教育，他还建议采用更直接的方式来预防艾滋病。
Many public health officials have been making these same recommendations for years.
很多负责公共卫生的官员多年来一直在推行同样的建议。
But as NPR's Richard Harris reports, the statements are something of a departure for the Surgeon General.
但根据我台记者理查德·哈里斯发回的报道，声明内容本来是这位卫生部部长所反对的。
When Dr. C. Everett Coop was appointed Surgeon General in 1981,
埃弗雷特1981年当选卫生部部长，有评论家担心，
critics were worried that his ties to fundamentalist religion and his involvement in the Pro-Life movement
埃弗雷特跟原教旨主义宗教千丝万缕的关系，以及他参加过生命权运动的经历
would interfere with his medical advice to the nation.
会影响他对国家的医疗建议。
But today, Coop risked offending that constituency as he released a report on AIDS.
但今天，埃弗雷特冒着违背宪法的风险发布了有关艾滋病的报告。
"AIDS education must start at the lowest grade possible as part of any health or hygiene program.
有关艾滋病的教育必须尽可能从最低年级开始，这应该是每个卫生项目的部分内容。
And there is no doubt that we need sex education in schools
毫无疑问，我们需要在各学校推行性教育，
and that is included information on sexual practices that may put our children at risk for AIDS."
其中就包括发生性关系的知识，从而避免孩子们感染艾滋病。
Coop's report is in the form of a pamphlet. And in that pamphlet,
埃弗雷特的报告是以手册形式发布的。在这份手册中，
sex education in school isn't the only controversial issue Coop confronted.
学校的性教育不是埃弗雷特提出的唯一一个备受争议的问题。
The new pamphlet also speaks openly about homosexuality and avoids value judgments about it.
这份新手册还公开提到同性恋的问题，并且回避了有关同性恋问题的价值判断。
The pamphlet recommends the use of condoms to prevent the spread of the disease.
该手册推荐使用避孕套来避免艾滋病的传播。
"When I'm talking about condoms, I am talking as a health officer about the protection of a person
每次提到避孕套的时候，我都是以卫生部官员的身份在讲话，
throughout the passage of a virus in sexual contact.
让大家避免艾滋病毒通过性交而传播。
The fact that those condoms are also used in other circumstances to prevent procreation
但避孕套也会有其他的实际用途，比如避免避孕，
and to practice birth control makes it a difficult subject.
所以这就让避孕套的使用成了很棘手的问题。
But in talking with even religious groups that are concerned about the use of condoms for the prevention of procreation,
但在交谈过程中，就连许多介意使用避孕套来避孕的宗教团体都认同我的一个观点，
they agree with me that the threat of AIDS to the health of this nation is sufficiently great
那就是艾滋病对我们国家健康状况的威胁太大了，
so that we can suggest that this is an acceptable method of protecting health."
大到我们都认为用避孕套来保护健康是可以接受的做法。
Alluding to a controversial ballot proposition in California, Coop also spoke out against quarantines and mass blood screenings.
在对加州传统的投票方式含沙射影的同时，埃弗雷特也反对检疫和群集血液筛查。
The pamphlet also reassures the public that AIDS isn't spread by insects or through causal contact.
这份手册还消除了公众的疑虑，即艾滋病不会通过蚊虫叮咬和日常接触而感染。
It discourages the use of illegal intravenous drugs, but it does speak to drug abusers and advises them to avoid sharing dirty needles.
手册不建议使用非法静脉注射药物，但也向毒瘾患者建议不要共享不干净的针管。
Coop said that the federal government will need to spend more money on education about AIDS,
埃弗雷特表示，联邦政府将需要在有关艾滋病的教育上投入更多资金，
and he said his office has no budget to launch an education campaign.
他表示，卫生部还没有这样的预算，所以无法开展教育活动。
But when he was asked whether he had the support of the Secretary of Education, Coop replied, "Let's say I have his ear."
但当被问及他是否得到了教育部部长的支持时，他回答说，“我想他对这个事情是感兴趣的。”
Surgeon General Coop said he hoped that his pamphlet will launch a new campaign to combat AIDS.
卫生部部长埃弗雷特表示，他希望这份手册可以助力新活动的发起，从而对抗艾滋病。
Copies are available from the Department of Health and Human Services. This is Richard Harris in Washington.
手册在卫生部内人手一份。这里是理查德·哈里斯从华盛顿发回的报道。
