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Gustav Mahler was born on July 7th, 1860 in Kalischt, Bohemia.
古斯塔夫·马勒于1860年7月7日出生在波希米亚的卡利施特。
At an early age, Mahler displayed a strong musical ability
马勒很小就表现出很强的音乐能力，
and studied at the Vienna Conservatory and the University of Vienna.
他先后就读于维也纳音乐学院和维也纳大学。
After graduating, Mahler began his successful career as an opera conductor.
毕业后，马勒开始了他成功的歌剧指挥生涯。
He conducted operas for the Royal Opera in Budapest, the Vienna State Opera and the Metropolitan Opera House in New York
他为布达佩斯皇家歌剧院、维也纳国家歌剧院和纽约大都会歌剧院执导歌剧，
and was labeled one of Opera’s most distinguished music directors.
并被评为歌剧院最杰出的音乐导演之一。
Mahler composed his first of ten symphonies in 1892.
马勒于1892年创作了他的第一部交响乐。
He had said, “To write a symphony, for me, is to construct a world”.
他说，“对我来说，创作交响乐就是构建世界。”
Mahler’s Second, Third, Fourth, and Eighth symphonies used both voices and instruments,
马勒的第二、第三、第四和第八交响乐既使用声音又使用乐器，
similar to Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony,
类似于贝多芬的第九交响曲，
and his work featured richly chromatic harmonies.
他的作品具有丰富的半音和声。
In 1907, Mahler was diagnosed with a potentially fatal heart condition
1907年，马勒被诊断出患有可能致命的心脏病，
and after much scrutiny due to his rigid work ethic, he was forced to resign his post at the Vienna State Opera.
在经过严格的职业道德审查后，他被迫辞去了维也纳国家歌剧院的职务。
In 1908, he completed his Ninth Symphony and began a tenth.
1908年，他完成了他的第九交响曲，开始了第十交响曲。
However, it would remain unfinished until after his death
然而，直到他死后也未完成这部作品，
when a British scholar named Deryck Cooke completed the piece.
后来这部作品由一位名叫德里克·库克的英国学者完成。
Gustav Mahler passed away in Vienna, Austria due to a heart condition on May 18th, 1911 at 50 years old.
1911年5月18日，古斯塔夫·马勒因心脏病在奥地利维也纳去世，享年50岁。
