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Part Three The homeless
第三部分 无家可归的人
During the years that followed Kuno”s escapade, two important developments took place in the Machine.
在基诺摆脱束缚以后的几年里，大机器内部有了两项重要的改进。
On the surface they were revolutionary, but in either case men”s minds had been prepared beforehand,
表面上这两项改进是革命性的，不过无论就哪种改进而论，人们的思想都已经预先做好准备，
and they did but express tendencies that were latent already.
而且他们的确只是表示那是一些已经潜在的倾向而已。
The first of these was the abolition of respirators.
其中第一项就是废除呼吸保护器。
Advanced thinkers, like Vashti, had always held it foolish to visit the surface of the earth.
像瓦西蒂这样一些先进的思想家们，一向坚持认为去观光地球表面是愚蠢的。
Air-ships might be necessary, but what was the good of going out for mere curiosity and crawling along for a mile or two in a terrestrial motor?
飞艇可能是必要的，不过仅仅是为了好奇而走出去，坐在一部地面的摩托车里，爬上一二英里路，那有什么好处呢？
The habit was vulgar and perhaps faintly improper: it was unproductive of ideas, and had no connection with the habits that really mattered.
这种习惯是庸俗的，或者是有点不大得体的：这是丝毫没有思想意念收获的，再者也同真正重要的一些习惯毫无关系。
So respirators were abolished, and with them, of course, the terrestrial motors,
就这样，呼吸保护器便废止了，当然，地面的摩托车也同呼吸保护器一起废止了，
and except for a few lecturers, who complained that they were debarred access to their subject- matter, the development was accepted quietly.
除了少数几个演讲家们发牢骚，不满于他们被禁止谈他们的主题外，这项改进便被默默地接受了下来。
Those who still wanted to know what the earth was like had after all only to listen to some gramophone, or to look into some cinematophote.
那些仍然想要知道地球究竟是什么样子的人，最后只得听听留声机，或者看看什么影片。
And even the lecturers acquiesced when they found that a lecture on the sea was none the less stimulating
有些演说家们尽管发现一篇讲海的演说依然具有激发力，也还是默无一言地同意了
when compiled out of other lectures that had already been delivered on the same subject.
虽然是根据同样题材的其他演说编成的。
“Beware of first- hand ideas!” exclaimed one of the most advanced of them.
“要严防那些第一手的思想意念！”最先进的人物之一诚恳地说，
“First-hand ideas do not really exist. They are but the physical impressions produced by live and fear,
“第一手的思想意念并不真正存在。它们不过是爱和惧留给肉体的印象，
and on this gross foundation who could erect a philosophy?
在这种粗俗的基础上，谁能建立起一派哲学呢？
Let your ideas be second-hand, and if possible tenth-hand,
让你的思想意念成为第二手的吧，可能的话，让它成为第十手的吧，
for then they will be far removed from that disturbing element – direct observation.
因为这则思想意念便远远摆脱那种起干扰作用的因素——直接的观察。
Do not learn anything about this subject of mine – the French Revolution.
不要去学习有关我这个主题——法国大革命——的任何想法，
Learn instead what I think that Enicharmon thought Urizen thought Gutch thought Ho-Yung thought
而只要学习我想艾因查蒙之想尤里森之想占奇之想阿范之想
Chi-Bo-Sing thought LafcadioHearn thought Carlyle thought Mirabeau said about the French Revolution.
纪布兴之想拉弗卡笛奥·赫尔思之想卡来尔之想米拉布关于法国大革命说过些什么。
Through the medium of these ten great minds, the blood that was shed at Paris and the windows that were broken at Versailles
通过这十来个伟大思想家作为媒介，洒在巴黎的热血和凡尔赛宫那些打破了的窗子
will be clarified to an idea which you may employ most profitably in your daily lives.
就会细化成为一种思想意念，这在你们的日常生活中，你们可以用得最为有利，
But be sure that the intermediates are many and varied, for in history one authority exists to counteract another.
不过，要明确的是，中间人很多，而且各不相同，因为历史上存在着一个权威反对另一个权威的情形。
Urizen must counteract the scepticism of Ho-Yung and Enicharmon, I must myself counteract the impetuosity of Gutch.
尤里森必然反对何雍和艾因查蒙的怀疑主义，我本人必然反对古奇的激进。
You who listen to me are in a better position to judge about the French Revolution than I am.
听我演说的你们比我处于更有利的地位来判断法国大革命的问题。
