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The show’s position at the intersection of humanity and technology has even prompted some research, including a widely cited study, from 2020, led by Marissa Mosley, assistant professor in the department of human development and family studies at the University of New Hampshire.
《鲶鱼》节目处于人性和科技的交汇点，这甚至产生了一些相关研究，其中一项研究被广泛引用，由新汉普郡大学的人类发展和家庭研究专业助理教授玛丽莎·莫斯利在2020年牵头完成。
For the study, titled “Adult Attachment And Online Dating Deception: A Theory Modernized,” 1,107 adults were surveyed and about 70 percent described themselves as a victim of a catfishing scam.
研究名为《成人依恋与网络约会欺骗：理论的现代化》，对1107名成年人进行了调查，其中约70%的人称自己是鲶鱼骗局的受害者。
On average, participants were 25 years old, which reflects the largely millennial and Gen Z cohort featured on the show.
参与者的平均年龄为25岁，《鲶鱼》节目中的人物大部分也是千禧一代和Z世代。
“It’s really tough to see people just so desperate for connection and not being able to have it manifest in reality,” Mosley, an avid watcher of “Catfish,” said during a video interview.
“看到人们如此渴望建立联系，却不能在现实生活中表现出来，这真的让人很难过。”莫斯利是《鲶鱼》的狂热观众，她在一次视频采访中说。
In the same way the show was able to offer a preview of how digital communication would redefine connection, it was also able to sound a warning about the isolation and loneliness so many Americans grapple with, a growing problem that the surgeon general called an epidemic last year.
这个节目是数字通信将如何重新定义人类联结的预告片，它同样也对许多美国人正在努力应对的孤独感发出了警告，这是一个日益严重的问题，美国医务总监去年称这是一种流行病。
“We have to renegotiate our relationship with technology,” he wrote.
“我们必须重新协商我们与科技的关系。”医务总监写道。
Mosley’s study looked at this phenomenon by examining aspects of anxious and avoidant attachment styles, which reveal themselves in romantic or emotionally intimate situations.
莫斯利通过研究焦虑型和回避型依恋的各个方面来观察这一现象，这些依恋类型在恋爱或亲密情境中会表现出来。
Anxiously attached people can become frenetically preoccupied with their ability to have and keep love.
焦虑型依恋的人可能会对自己拥有和保持爱的能力感到极度担忧。
Avoidant people tend to conflate intimacy with lost independence and suffocation.
回避型依恋的人往往把亲密关系与失去独立性和感到窒息混淆。
Mosley’s study found that people who were highly anxious and avoidant, what Mosley called “a fearful type of attachment,” were more likely to be catfished or be catfish themselves.
莫斯利的研究发现，高度焦虑和回避的人，也就是莫斯利所说的“恐惧依恋类型”的人，更有可能被鲶鱼欺骗或自己当鲶鱼去欺骗别人。
Catfishing is a perfect way to fulfill those needs, she said, because that fear of abandonment can be coupled with withdrawing, especially when distressed: Engage in catfishing, get a relationship going, have a sense of perceived control, but pull away just as easily.
莫斯利说，因为害怕被遗弃的心理会伴随着退缩回避的行为，尤其是在感到痛苦的时候，所以鲶鱼是满足这些需求的完美办法：进入鲶鱼骗局，维持一段感情，得到一种控制感，但也可以随时退出。
“Technology’s fascinating because it gives us that increased accessibility and availability, but also very limited accountability,” she said.
“科技令人着迷，因为它给了我们更多的接触机会和途径，但可信度也很有限。”莫斯利说。
“It’s like, ‘I want you close, but not too close.’”
这就像，‘我想要你靠近我，但不要太近’。”
In our conversation, Schulman meditated on the roles of fantasy and convenience in the many sticky situations he’s navigated over the past 12 years.
舒尔曼在过去12年里处理了许多棘手情况，在我们的访谈中，他思考了幻想和便利在其中发挥的作用。
“What the show boils down to is that people just desperately want to feel some sort of meaningful human connection, and the internet can facilitate that to some degree.
“这个节目归根结底，就是人们非常渴望感受到某种有意义的人际联系，而互联网在某种程度上可以为此带来便利。
I know it can feel similarly fulfilling,” he said.
我知道网络上的关系可以带来相似的满足感。”舒尔曼说，
“It can create sort of a silhouette, but it’s almost like a shell of the intimate relationship.”
“它可以创造出一个模糊的剪影，但它几乎就像是亲密关系的外壳。”
“Unfortunately,” he added, gazing briefly beyond the self-facing camera on his computer, “when you poke your finger in there, it’s empty inside.”
“不幸的是，”他短暂地凝视着电脑上面对自己的摄像头之外的空间，并补充道，“当你把手指伸进那个外壳的时候，你会发现里面是空的。”
