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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Phil. And I'm Beth.
大家好。这是BBC六分钟英语。我是Phil。我是Beth。
Nowadays, I often see people carrying water bottles with them to make sure they drink enough. How much water do you drink a day, Phil?
如今，我经常看到人们随身携带水瓶，以确保他们喝足够的水。你一天喝多少水，Phil？
Oh, I don't know. Maybe about a litre? OK. And do you know how much water you should drink a day? I think it's probably about two litres.
我不知道。也许大约一升？好的。你知道你一天应该喝多少水吗？我认为大概是两升。
Ah, well, the number many people have heard is two litres a day. Of course, everyone needs to drink some water - over half the human body is made up of it.
很多人听说过的数字是每天两升。当然，每个人都需要喝一些水——人体的一半以上都是水。
But exactly how much water do we need to stay healthy? That's what we'll be discussing in this programme, along with some useful new vocabulary as well.
但我们到底需要多少水才能保持健康？这就是我们将在本节目中讨论的内容，以及一些有用的新词汇。
And speaking of vocabulary, remember you can download all the new words and phrases from this programme, plus worksheet exercises to help you learn them, on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
说到词汇，请记住，你可以在我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com上下载本节目中的所有新单词和短语，以及帮助你学习它们的练习。
Great! But first I have a question for you, Phil. I mentioned that over half the human body consists of water, but there's an even higher percentage of water in our blood.
太好了！但首先我有一个问题要问你，Phil。我提到过，人体一半以上都是水，但我们血液中的水含量更高。
But how much? Is our blood: a) around 80% water? b) around 90% water? or, c) 100% water? I think it's around 80% water.
但有多少呢？我们的血液是：a)约80%的水？b)约90%的水？还是c)100%的水？我认为是80%左右的水。
OK, I will reveal the correct answer later in the programme. Our blood needs water so it can carry nutrients to the body's cells and organs.
好的，我将在节目后面揭晓正确答案。我们的血液需要水，这样它才能将营养物质输送到身体的细胞和器官。
The amount recommended is often given as two litres a day. But why? Here to discuss this with BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain, is biologist, Professor John Speakman:
建议的饮水量通常是每天两升。但为什么呢？生物学家约翰·斯彼克曼教授将与BBC国际服务节目《食物链》讨论这个问题：
So, I'm not sure how it was arrived at but it seems to be a number that has taken grip on a very large number of countries.
我不确定这个数字是如何得出的，但这个数字似乎已经在许多国家流行起来。
So, if you look at government recommendations around the world, they're pretty much all the same. They pretty much all say everybody's got to be drinking two litres of water.
如果你看看世界各地的政府建议，它们几乎都是一样的。他们几乎都说每个人都必须喝两升水。
Professor Speakman doesn't know how the number of two litres a day was arrived at – how it was decided or calculated.
斯彼克曼教授不知道每天喝两升水这个数字是如何得出的——如何决定或计算出来的。
Nevertheless, the idea of drinking two litres a day has taken grip on many governments around the world. When you say an idea has taken grip on something, you mean it's taken control of it.
尽管如此，每天喝两升水的想法已经在全球许多政府中流行起来。当你说一个想法has taken grip on something时，你的意思是它已经控制了它。
Yes, Professor Speakman says that pretty much all governments are giving pretty much the same recommendation.
是的，斯彼克曼教授说几乎所有政府都给出了几乎相同的建议。
He uses the phrase, pretty much to mean almost. For example, 'pretty much all governments advise drinking two litres a day' means 'almost all governments advise it'.
他使用短语“pretty much”来表示“almost”。例如，“'pretty much all governments advise drinking two litres a day”的意思是“几乎所有政府都建议这样做”。
What Professor Speakman doesn't have, however, is any scientific evidence for this advice.
然而，斯彼克曼教授没有提供任何科学证据来支持这一建议。
The number of exactly two litres isn't based on scientific fact, it's more of a ballpark figure – a number which is a guess, but which you still believe is approximately correct.
确切的两升数字不是基于科学事实，而是一个大概的数字——一个猜测的数字，但你仍然认为它大致正确。
Actually, the amount of water in our bodies is changing all the time. Like your bank balance, which goes down when you spend money, your body loses water all the time, when you breathe, sweat, or go to the toilet.
实际上，我们体内的水含量一直在变化。就像你的银行存款会随着你花钱而减少一样，你的身体也会一直失水，当你呼吸、出汗或上厕所时。
Exactly how much you need to drink depends on how much water your body needs to replace, and that mainly depends on your size.
你到底需要喝多少水取决于你的身体需要补充多少水，而这主要取决于你的体型。
But what happens when we drink less than we should? Here's hydration expert, Dr Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez, describing the effects of dehydration to BBC World Service's The Food Chain.
但是当我们喝水量少于应喝水量时会发生什么？以下是补水专家Nidia Rodriguez-Sanchez博士向BBC国际服务频道的《食物链》节目描述脱水的影响。
And also, many times we start getting dehydrated and we don't realise we are dehydrated.
而且，很多时候我们开始脱水，却没有意识到自己脱水了。
So it's very common that we feel tired, or we feel, like, with a bit of a headache, or even we think we're hungry, and we go and get some food.
我们经常会感到疲倦，或者感觉有点头疼，甚至觉得饿了，然后就去吃点东西。
And actually what is happening is that we are thirsty, that we are dehydrated, we are starting to show some signs or some symptoms of dehydration.
而实际上，我们口渴，脱水了，开始出现脱水的迹象或症状。
Dr Sanchez describes the effects of dehydration, the condition of not having enough water in your body so that you feel ill or weak.
Sanchez博士描述了脱水的后果，脱水是指身体缺水，导致身体不适或虚弱。
She mentions feeling tired, having a headache or a dry mouth as symptoms of dehydration.
她提到，疲倦、头痛或口干都是脱水的症状。
Symptoms are signs or feelings in the body showing the presence of some illness or condition.
症状是身体出现的迹象或感觉，表明身体存在某种疾病或状况。
So, whether you drink a little more, or a little less, it seems that around two litres of water a day is a good way to keep your blood and body healthy.
无论你多喝一点还是少喝一点，每天喝两升左右的水似乎都是保持血液和身体健康的好方法。
Speaking of which, Phil, it's time to reveal the answer to my question, what percentage of our blood is water? You said 80%, and the answer is 90%. Our blood consists of around 90% water.
说到这个，Phil，是时候揭晓我的问题的答案了，我们的血液中水占了多少百分比？你说是80%，答案是90%。我们的血液中大约90%是水。
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've used, starting with the phrase to arrive at a number, meaning to decide it by doing calculations.
好的，让我们回顾一下我们使用过的词汇，从短语to reach at a number开始，意思是通过计算来确定。
If an idea takes grip on something, it takes control of it. The phrase pretty much means almost; for example, pretty much everyone likes chocolate, which means almost everyone likes chocolate.
如果一个想法takes grip on something，它就控制了它。pretty much这个短语的意思是几乎；例如，pretty much everyone likes chocolate，这意味着几乎每个人都喜欢巧克力。
A ballpark figure is a phrase meaning a number which is an acceptably accurate approximation.
A ballpark figure是一个短语，表示一个可接受的准确近似值。
Dehydration is the condition of not having enough water in your body so that you feel ill or weak.
Dehydration是指体内水分不足，导致您感到不适或虚弱的状态。
And finally, a symptom is a sign or feeling in the body showing the presence of an illness or condition. Once again, our six minutes are up.
最后，symptom是身体中显示存在疾病或状况的迹象或感觉。 六分钟时间又到了。
Why not join me now and head over to our website, bbclearningenglish.com, download the worksheet for this programme, and test yourself to see how much you remember? See you there soon! Bye!
为什么不现在就加入我，访问我们的网站bbclearningenglish.com，下载本课程的工作表，然后测试一下自己，看看你记得多少？我们很快再见！再见！
