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Computer apps that permit people to work for short periods at jobs that require little or no training are becoming popular.
允许人们短期从事无需或少量培训的工作的计算机应用程序正变得越来越受欢迎。
As industries deal with worker shortages, these apps are helping people get paying jobs they would not normally be able to find.
多个行业出现劳动力短缺，这些应用程序可以帮助人们找到他们通常找不到的带薪工作。
Stint is an app that is popular in Britain.
Stint是一款在英国很流行的应用。
It is aimed at workers seeking jobs that require few skills.
它针对的是那些想找不需要太多技能的工作的工人。
Similar apps in the United States are Instaworks and Gigpro.
在美国，类似的应用有Instaworks和Gigpro。
Instaworks and Gigpro however are different from Stint in that they are better for more experienced workers.
然而，Instaworks和Gigpro与Stint不同，它们更适合更有经验的员工。
With economic recovery unclear, flexibility is important for both workers and employers.
在经济复苏尚不明朗的情况下，灵活性对员工和雇主都很重要。
Gabrielle Walker is a 19-year-old student at University College London.
加布里埃尔·沃克是伦敦大学学院的一名19岁的学生。
She got the Stint app, received 15 minutes of training and got a job at a restaurant for one day.
她下载了Stint应用程序，接受了15分钟的培训，并在一家餐厅工作了一天。
She noted that even students with little experience could sign up with similar apps and find paid work.
她指出，即使是没有经验的学生也可以注册类似的应用程序，找到带薪工作。
That work could even be for a few hours so it could fit into their schedule from week to week.
这项工作甚至可能只需要几个小时，这样就能适应他们每周的日程安排。
Sol Schlagman started Stint with his brother.
索尔·施拉格曼和他哥哥一起创办了Stint。
He remembered his own experience as a college student.
他记得自己当大学生时的经历。
He said the app is for the student who needs money to pay for housing.
他说，这款应用是为那些需要钱付房租的学生设计的。
But he added that it can also help "the student that wants to buy a pair of shoes they wouldn't necessarily buy otherwise."
但他补充说，这也能帮助“那些想买一双本来没钱买的鞋的学生”。
The apps are similar to the many short-term work apps that have appeared in recent years.
这些应用程序与近年来出现的许多短期工作应用程序类似。
They include Uber, DoorDash and TaskRabbit. But the latest ones are different.
其中包括Uber、DoorDash和TaskRabbit。但最近的情况有所不同。
They link workers with employers that have a continuous need for labor but they do not want permanent employees.
它们把工人和那些持续需要劳动力但不想要永久雇员的雇主联结了起来。
Fiona Greig is the co-president of the JPMorgan Chase Institute, a financial research group.
菲奥娜·格雷格是金融研究集团摩根大通研究所(JPMorgan Chase Institute)的联席总裁。
She said, "It's no surprise that during COVID, when everything became virtual that these...marketplaces might have exploded."
她说:“在新冠疫情期间，当一切都变成虚拟的时候，这些…… 市场可能会爆炸。”
The newer temporary work apps could help ease the labor shortage in Britain that is partly caused by the pandemic.
新的临时工作应用程序可以帮助缓解英国的劳动力短缺，这种短缺在一定程度上是由疫情造成的。
Recently, the National Health Service released a system that tells users if they have been near someone who has the coronavirus.
最近，英国国家卫生服务(NHS)发布了一个系统，可以告诉用户他们是否曾接近过冠状病毒感染者。
Many workers had to isolate themselves.
许多工人不得不把自己隔离起来。
Some stores had to temporarily close because workers could not go to their jobs.
一些商店被迫暂时关闭，因为工人们无法上班。
Jacob Sumner is the director of European operations at the restaurant group Chipotle.
雅各布·萨姆纳是Chipotle餐厅集团的欧洲运营总监。
He said Chipotle uses Stint to get help during busy times.
他说，Chipotle在繁忙的时候会使用Stint来寻求帮助。
Chilango, another group of restaurants, said it also uses Stint.
另一家餐厅集团Chilango表示，他们也在使用Stint。
The use of apps to connect businesses and workers for short-term work is growing in the United States too.
在美国，通过应用程序将企业和员工联结起来，进行短期工作的情况也在增加。
Sumir Meghani helped start and is chief of Instaworks.
Sumir Meghani帮助开创了Instaworks，也是该公司的负责人。
He said the rise and fall of coronavirus cases caused employment problems for businesses.
他说，冠状病毒病例的升降变化给企业带来了就业问题。
They sometimes must increase or decrease operations at any moment.
他们有时必须随时增加或减少运营。
Ben Ellsworth started Gigpro.
本·埃尔斯沃斯创立了Gigpro。
He created the app to help the employment shortages caused by the pandemic.
他开发这款应用是为了解决疫情造成的就业短缺问题。
He also saw greater flexibility in the job market during the pandemic.
他还看到了疫情期间就业市场更大的灵活性。
Ellsworth spent years in the restaurant industry.
埃尔斯沃斯多年从事餐饮业。
He said restaurant workers have been paid very little, have little reason to work, have been offered little flexibility or have a low quality of life.
他说，餐馆员工的工资很少，工作意义不大，工作的灵活性很小，生活质量也很低。
Ellsworth suggested that after losing work, many turned to other industries or found temporary work to meet their own needs.
埃尔斯沃斯建议，在失去工作后，许多人转向其他行业或寻找临时工作来满足自己的需求。
This happened at a time when businesses needed temporary, hourly workers as restrictions eased.
当时，疫情管控限制有所放宽，企业需要短期的小时工。
The short-term employment apps serve a current need for flexibility.
短期就业应用满足了当前对就业灵活性的需求。
However, critics predict a threat to workers over a long period of time.
然而，批评人士预测，这将给工人带来长期威胁。
They say if temporary workers replace permanent workers, it could reduce job security, sick pay and similar benefits.
他们表示，如果临时工人取代长期工人，可能会降低工作保障、病假工资和类似福利。
Greig said, however, that these apps can lower barriers to work for many people who need money quickly.
不过，格雷格表示，这些应用程序可以降低许多急需用钱的人的工作障碍。
This includes many young workers with limited job experience.
包括许多工作经验有限的年轻工人。
Student Gabrielle Walker likes the apps, saying, "Everyone could do it."
学生加布里埃尔·沃克很喜欢这些应用，她说:“每个人都做得到。”
I'm Gregory Stachel.
格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
