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A group of health experts says older adults without heart disease should not take aspirin to prevent a heart attack or stroke.
一个医疗专家小组表示，没有心脏病的老年人不应该服用阿司匹林来预防心脏病发作或中风。
The group says the risk of bleeding inside the body for people 60 years of age and older is greater than the protection from heart disease.
该小组表示，对于60岁及以上的人来说，体内出血的风险比益处（预防心脏病发作）更大。
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force released an early version of the new guidance recently.
美国预防服务工作组最近发布了新指南草案。
It is a government-appointed group of health experts on disease prevention.
这是一个由政府任命的医疗专家所组成的疾病预防小组。
In addition to advice for older adults, the group for the first time said there may be a small benefit for adults in their 40s who have no bleeding risks.
除了为老年人提供建议外，该小组首次表示，对于没有出血风险的40多岁的成年人来说，服用阿司匹林可能会有一点好处。
The experts also said there is less clear evidence of a benefit for those in their 50s.
专家们还表示，目前还没有明确的证据表明，服用阿司匹林对50多岁的人有好处。
The group's guidelines are meant for people who are at higher risk of heart disease.
该小组的指南是为心脏病高危人群制定的。
This includes people with high blood pressure, high cholesterol, those who are highly overweight or who have conditions that increase their chances for a heart attack or stroke.
其中包括患有高血压、高胆固醇、超重或患有增加心脏病发作或中风几率的疾病的人。
Anyone considering whether to start or stop the aspirin treatment should talk with a doctor first, the group also advised.
该小组还建议，任何考虑是否开始或停止服用阿司匹林的人都应该首先与医生商量。
"Aspirin use can cause serious harms, and risk increases with age," said John Wong, a group member and doctor at Tufts Medical Center in Boston.
小组成员、波士顿塔夫茨医疗中心的医生约翰·王说：“服用阿司匹林会造成严重的危害，而且风险会随着年龄的增长而增加。”
In 2016, the prevention experts had advised that a small amount of aspirin each day could help prevent a first heart attack or stroke.
2016年，预防专家曾建议，每天服用少量阿司匹林有助于预防首次心脏病发作或中风。
The new advice is in agreement with more recent guidelines from other medical groups.
新的建议与其他医学组最近的指南是一致的。
Doctors have long advised small amounts of aspirin every day for many patients who already have had a heart attack or stroke.
长期以来，医生们一直建议许多心脏病或中风患者每天服用少量阿司匹林。
The group's guidance does not change that.
该小组的指南并没有改变这一点。
The new guidance was announced online to let the public comment on it until November 8.
新的指南是在网上公布的，公众可以在11月8日之前发表评论。
The group will study the comments and then make a final decision.
该小组将会研究这些评论，然后做出最终决定。
Wong said the guidelines are being updated because of new studies and reexamination of older research.
王说，因为新的研究和对之前的研究的重新审查，指南正在更新。
Aspirin is best known as a medicine to reduce pain.
阿司匹林是最广为人知的止痛药。
But it also thins blood.
但它也会稀释血液。
This can reduce the chances for blood clots.
这可以降低血栓形成的几率。
But aspirin also has risks, even in small amounts.
但服用阿司匹林也会有风险，即使是少量。
These include bleeding in the stomach or intestines and ulcers.
其中包括胃或肠道出血和溃疡。
Both conditions can be dangerous.
这两种情况都可能是危险的。
Dr. Lauren Block is a researcher at the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research in Manhasset, New York.
劳伦·布洛克博士是纽约曼哈西特费恩斯坦医学研究所的研究员。
She said the guidance is important because so many adults take aspirin although they have never had a heart attack or stroke.
她说，这个指南很重要，因为尽管很多成年人从未有过心脏病发作或中风，他们都服用阿司匹林。
Block is not on the task force.
布洛克不在这个特别小组里。
However, she recently stopped treating a patient with aspirin because of the possible bad effects.
然而，她最近停止用阿司匹林治疗一名患者，因为这可能会产生不良影响。
She instead began treating the patient with a cholesterol-lowering drug known as a statin.
她开始用一种降胆固醇的药物——他汀类药物代替阿司匹林来治疗这名患者。
The patient is 70-year-old Richard Schrafel.
这名患者是70岁的理查德·施拉费尔。
He has high blood pressure and knows about his heart attack risks.
他有高血压，知道自己有心脏病发作的风险。
Schrafel said he never had bad effects from aspirin.
施拉费尔说，阿司匹林对他没有过不良影响。
But he takes the new guidance seriously.
但他认真对待新的指南。
Sixty-three-year-old Rita Seefeldt also has high blood pressure.
63岁的丽塔·泽费尔特也有高血压。
She took aspirin every day for about 10 years until her doctor told her to stop two years ago.
在大约10年的时间里，她每天都服用阿司匹林，直到两年前她的医生告诉她停止服用阿司匹林。
"He said they changed their minds on that," remembered the retired elementary school teacher from Milwaukee.
“他说他们改变主意了，”这位来自密尔沃基的退休的小学教师回忆道。
She said she understands that science develops over time.
她说，她明白科学会随着时间的推移而发展。
I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.
小马里奥·里特为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
