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F.W. de Klerk, South Africa's last apartheid president who oversaw the end of the country's white minority rule, has died.
南非种族隔离时期的最后一任白人总统雷德里克·威廉·德克勒克去世。
A spokesman for the former president's organization said Thursday that Frederik Willem de Klerk died in his Cape Town home after a fight with cancer. He was 85.
前总统德克勒克的发言人周四表示，雷德里克·威廉·德克勒克在与癌症抗争后在开普敦的家中去世，享年85岁。
De Klerk surprised the world when he ended apartheid and peacefully handed over power to a Black-led government under Nelson Mandela.
德克勒克废除了种族隔离制度，将权力和平移交给纳尔逊·曼德拉领导的黑人政府，这震惊了全世界。
De Klerk was a controversial person in South Africa.
德克勒克在南非是一个饱受争议的人物。
Many blamed him for violence against Black South Africans and anti-apartheid activists during his time in power.
许多人指责他在执政期间对南非黑人和反种族隔离活动人士实施暴力。
Some white South Africans saw his cooperation to end apartheid as an act of disloyalty.
一些南非白人认为，他协助结束种族隔离制度是不忠的行为。
"De Klerk's legacy is a big one.
曼德拉基金会在谈到他的去世时表示，“德克勒克留下了一笔丰厚的遗产。
It is also an uneven one, something South Africans are called to reckon with in this moment," the Mandela Foundation said of his death.
同时也是一笔不均衡的遗产，南非人此刻必须正视这一点。”
In February 1990, de Klerk announced in a speech to parliament that Mandela would be released from prison after 27 years.
1990年2月，德克勒克在向议会发表讲话时宣布，曼德拉在服刑27年后获释。
The country had long been denounced around the world for its system of apartheid.
长期以来，南非因其种族隔离制度而受到全世界的谴责。
With South Africa's economy seriously weakened from international sanctions, de Klerk also lifted a ban on the African National Congress (ANC) and other anti-apartheid political groups.
由于国际制裁严重削弱了南非的经济，德克勒克还解除了对非洲人国民大会（非国大）和其他反种族隔离政治团体的禁令。
Negotiations to create a non-racial democracy after Mandela's release were held during a time of increased political violence.
曼德拉获释后，建立非种族主义、民主的政权的谈判是在政治暴力加剧的时期举行的。
The talks nearly broke down and the country came close to a violent race war.
谈判几乎破裂，南非几乎陷入一场激烈的种族战争。
But the process continued peacefully in what many political experts called a "political miracle."
但是谈判还是和平地进行下去了，许多政治专家称之为“政治奇迹”。
In 1993 de Klerk shared a Nobel Peace Prize with Mandela, who would win the presidency the following year.
1993年，德克勒克与曼德拉共同获得了诺贝尔和平奖，曼德拉于次年当选总统。
It was the first time Black South Africans could vote in Africa's biggest economy.
这是南非黑人第一次可以在非洲最大的经济体投票。
After the vote, the National Party shared power in a "Government of National Unity" in which de Klerk served as a deputy president.
投票后，德克勒克担任副总统，国民党在“民族团结政府”中共享权力。
But the relationship between de Klerk and Mandela was often tense.
但德克勒克和曼德拉之间的关系常常很紧张。
De Klerk pulled out of the government in 1996, saying the ANC no longer valued his opinion.
1996年，德克勒克退出了政府，称非国大不再重视他的意见。
Later in life, de Klerk said there was no longer conflict between him and Mandela and that they remained friends.
德克勒克在晚年表示，他和曼德拉之间不再有冲突，他们仍然是朋友。
Although he publicly apologized for the pain that apartheid caused, he was never seen as a hero like Mandela.
尽管他公开为种族隔离带来的痛苦道歉，但他从未被视为像曼德拉一样的英雄。
Years after the end of apartheid, de Klerk continued to defend the political system.
在废除种族隔离制度多年之后，德克勒克继续捍卫这一政治制度。
He said the goal of apartheid was to separate the development of white and Black South Africans.
他说，种族隔离的目标是将南非白人和黑人的发展分开。
But in reality, the violent apartheid system forced millions of the country's Black majority into "homeland" communities with high rates of poverty.
但在现实中，暴力的种族隔离制度迫使南非数百万黑人进入贫困率很高的“家园”社区。
And the system left most of South Africa's land in the hands of the white minority population.
这一制度使得南非的大部分土地都掌握在少数白人手中。
De Klerk admitted later in life that the goal of "separate but equal failed."
德克勒克在晚年承认，“分开但平等”的目标失败了。
In 2020, de Klerk angered many South Africans when he said he did not think apartheid was a crime against humanity.
2020年，德克勒克说他认为种族隔离不是反人类罪，这激怒了许多南非人。
When he attended President Cyril Ramaphosa's State of the Nation speech in parliament that year, some members shouted at him and demanded that he leave.
当年他出席西里尔·拉马福萨总统在议会发表的国情咨文演讲时，一些议员对他大喊大叫，要求他离开。
Later, de Klerk said he accepted that apartheid was a crime against humanity and apologized for his earlier comments.
后来，德克勒克表示，他承认种族隔离是反人类罪，并为他早先的言论道歉。
But he is still seen by many South Africans as the last apartheid leader, not the leader who helped lead the country away from violent racial discrimination.
但他仍被许多南非人视为最后一任种族隔离时期的领导人，而不是帮助南非摆脱暴力种族歧视的领导人。
Upon his death, opposition leader Julius Malema criticized media reports that said de Klerk was a former president of South Africa.
德克勒克去世后，反对党领导人朱利叶斯·马莱马批评了媒体有关他是南非前总统的报道。
"He is a former apartheid president," Malema said in a tweet.
马莱马在推特上发文称：“他是一位前种族隔离总统。”
Others on social media said de Klerk should not be given a state funeral.
社交媒体上的其他人表示，不应该为德克勒克举行国葬。
I'm Dan Novak.
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