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Now to a major medical advancement in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease in the US.
现在来看美国在阿尔茨海默病早期检测方面的一项重大医学进展。
The Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, has approved the first blood test to help diagnose the illness for adults 55 and older who are showing signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.
美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准了首款用于辅助诊断阿尔茨海默病的血液检测方法，适用于55岁及以上、已出现相关症状的成年患者。
Alzheimer's disease is a type of dementia, a brain disorder that causes gradual decline in memory, thinking, and cognitive abilities.
阿尔茨海默病是一种痴呆症，属于大脑功能障碍，会导致记忆、思维、认知能力逐渐衰退。
It's caused by the death of nerve cells in the brain and deteriorating connections between them.
这是由大脑中神经细胞的死亡，以及神经细胞之间的连接退化所导致的。
The disease progresses gradually and eventually symptoms can become so severe that people can have difficulty managing basic tasks.
阿尔茨海默病的加重是渐进的，最终症状可能变得非常严重，以至于人们难以处理基本事务。
Before now, physicians have been using several different tools to determine whether someone had Alzheimer's or if they had another type of dementia, which can cost thousands of dollars without insurance.
在此之前，医生们一直用多种不同工具来判断患者是否患有阿尔茨海默病还是其他类型的痴呆症，若没有保险，这些检查可能花费数千美元。
Our Jacqueline Howard is here to tell us how this new blood test works. Hi, Jacqueline.
本台记者杰奎琳·霍华德将为我们讲解这项新型血液检测的原理。嗨，杰奎琳。
Coy, the United States Food and Drug Administration has just given clearance to a blood test that helps diagnose Alzheimer's disease.
柯伊，FDA刚刚批准了一项有助于诊断阿尔茨海默病的血液检测。
Now, this test still has to be paired with other analyses before someone is diagnosed.
这项检测仍需与其他分析相结合才能确诊。
So, it's not a single standalone test, but here's how it works.
所以这不是一个独立的检测，但它的原理是这样的。
It measures two proteins in blood plasma, P-Tau 217 and beta amyloid 142.
该检测测量血浆中的两种蛋白质：苏氨酸217和β-淀粉样蛋白142。
A ratio of those two proteins tends to correlate with the presence or absence of amyloid plaques in the brain.
这两种蛋白质的比例往往与大脑中是否存在淀粉样斑块相关。
So this test can signal whether someone may have amyloid plaque buildup, which we know is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease.
因此这项测试可以显示某人是否有淀粉样斑块堆积，我们知道这是阿尔茨海默病的标志。
If someone gets a positive test result, that means they could benefit from more testing.
如果某人检测结果呈阳性，这意味着他们可能需要进行更多检测。
