在了解短文大意和篇章结构的前提下,我们可以开始边看边选答案了。在具体选择中我们要注意以下几点:
(1)根据选项的不同词义判断答案
有些完形填空题考的是考生对不同单词词义的辨别能力。例如:
【例】Then Ed first phoned and 37 we play.
A.declared B. mentioned C. persuaded D. suggested
【解析】这句话讲的是Ed 打电话提议/建议(suggest)和我进行打球比赛。declare(申明)用词太大;mention(提到一件事/一个人)和persuade (说服)在本句中用法不当,suggest we (should)play 是虚拟语气。所以答案为D。
(2)根据词汇的固定用法判断答案
有些答案的选择取决于动词与介词或副词的搭配、动词和名词的搭配以及形容词和名词的搭配、以及动词和名词的特殊用法等,同时要根据内容判断正确的答案。例如:
【例】When the score was 16 up,I was having serious doubts about staying alive until 21 years old, let alone 53 that many points.
A. scoring B. completing C. receiving D. keeping
【解析】本句中的points为比赛所得的分,本题中的C选项receiving(收到,得到)是最能让考生选错的一项,然而比赛中的得分(动词)应该用score.而completing(完成)以及keeping(保持,保留)在本句中就没了意义。所以答案为A.
(3) 根据社会及生活常识推断答案
有些题要根据常识来判断。完形填空本身考的是学生的综合能力,文章本身蕴涵着各类相关知识。如果有丰富的社会生活常识,会使文章问题简单化,也是综合能力的一种体现。例如:
【例】His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although the family often 43 about that., Ed refused to buy a larger T-shirt or to lose weight.
A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked
【解析】这一句讲Ed胖的肚子像气球一样突了出来,根据实际生活经验应该可以判断,家里人经常笑话(joke)他。但他还是不去买宽大(larger)的衬衣来掩盖突出的肚子;也不减肥以减小已经很大的肚子。care about something 表示“在意,关心”,是静态动词,不适合用often 来修饰。forget和本句逻辑不相符;quarrel与实际生活不相符。
(4) 根据上下文所提供的信息判断答案
有许多前面的空白处选项取决于上下文中提供的有关信息。例如:
【例】I laughed quietly,figuring on an 38 victory.
A. unforgettable B. Unexpected C. easy D. early
【解析】本句中laugh quietly(暗暗窃喜)表示自己将处于有利位置,估计自己将轻易(easy)取胜(victory)。而unforgettable(忘记不了的)和 unexpected(意想不到的)与本句逻辑不相符;early 和本句意思无关。所以答案为C.
(5)根据上下文的逻辑推理判断答案
文章上下文的逻辑关系常常用一些连接词来表达:有表达并列对等关系的and, as well as等;有表达转折关系的but, yet, while, however等,有表达因果关系的so ,therefore, as a result, because of, due to等。例如:
【例】My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. 48 , at the point in our game when I'd have predicted(预计)the score to be 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead 7 to 9-and Ed was leading
A. After all B. As a result C. Above all D. At last
【解析】上文讲到Ed的体形发生了很大的变化,下文就要讲体形变化对这场球赛的影响, 所以用as a result(结果是)来引出体形变化的结果。而after all (毕竟),above all(最重要的是),at last(最后,终于)都与本句意思无关。