1)动词+介词(+宾语)?
这类结构在四级考试中考察最多,需要了解每个短语的确切含义及相近短语的区别。?
【例句】?Without proper lessons, you coulda lot of habits when playing the piano. (CET-4 2000, 12)?
A) keep up
B) catch up?
C) pick up
D) draw up?
keep up:坚持,保持,使继续;catch up:跟上,赶上;pick up:拿起,捡起;draw up:起草,拟定,使停止。本句译为:没有正确的练习,你弹琴时许多坏习惯会保持下去,因此答案为A。?
Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body's need for it from natural sources without turning the salt bottle. (CET-4,2000,12)?
A) to
B) over
C) on
D) up?
turn to:求助于,求教;turn over:翻转,移交;turn on:打开;turn up:出席,出现。本句译为:我们吃喝的所以东西都含有盐份,我们从自然的饮食中便可以满足对盐份的需求而不必求助于盐浚??哉?反鸢肝狝。?
I didn't know the word. I had toa dictionary. (CET-4 2000,6)?
A) look out
B) make out?
C) refer to
D) go over?
look out:当心,注意;make out:辨认,了解;refer to:提及,谈到,查阅,咨询;go over:复习。本句意思为:我不懂这个词,我不得不查字典,所以正确答案是C。?
The early pioneers had tomany hardships to settle on the new land. (CET- 4, 2000, 6)?
A) go along with
B) go back on?
C) go through
D) go into?
go along with:陪伴;go back on:违背,背弃;go through:经历,详细讨论;g o into:进入,调查。句意为:早期的开拓者不得不经历了千辛万苦才在新的土地上定居,所以正确答案是C。?
2)动词+副词?
这类结构不用于被动语态。?
【例如】?I am sure you can't win the game, so you may well give in.?
3)动词+宾语+副词?
宾语为代词时,必须位于谓语动词与副词之间;宾语为名词时,位置比较灵活。用于被动语态时,动词与副词不能分开。?
【例如】?
I decided to give it up, for it was too difficult.?I decided to give up the program, for it was too difficult.?His proposal was turned down by his boss.?
4)动词+副词+介词(+宾语)
【例如】?We are running out of fresh water.?We should work hard to make up for what we have lost.?We had toa lot of noise when the children were at home. (CET-4 1998,6)?
A) go in for
B) hold on to?
C) put up with
D) keep pace with?
go in for:从事,致力于;hold on to:紧紧抓住;put up with:容忍,忍受;keep pa ce with:跟上,同速前进。句意为:当孩子们在家的时候,我们不得不忍受许多噪音,因此应选择C。?
The destruction of these treasures was a loss for mankind that no amount of mone y could. (CET-4 1995,6)?
A) stand up to
B) make up for
C) come up with
D) put up with?
stand up to:耐久,耐用;make up for:补偿,弥补;come up with:产生,发现;p ut up with:容忍,忍受。句意为:这些珍宝遭到破坏是人类的损失,是多少金钱都弥补不了的,因此应选择B。