3. 利用文章中对词的定义猜测词义

Example：

Such experiences are not unusual for the amateur conchologists, people who collect shells.

Conchologists的意思可以根据该词后面的同位解释"people who collect shells"理解为收集贝壳的人或贝壳收藏家。

Example :

Jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.

"florist" 的意思就是其后定语从句"who keeps a shop for selling flowers 所描述的"拥有一家专门卖花的商店的人"，即"花店主"

4. 利用文章中对词的举例及解释猜测词义

Example :

Today young couples who are just starting their households of ten spend lots of their money on appliances ,for instance ,washing machines , refrigerators and color TVs.
通过所举的例子（washing machines ,refrigerators and color TVs）
可以看出，"appliances" 应是这些名词的总称，即"家用电器"。

Example :

Finally the enemy surrendered .They threw down their weapons and walked out of the home with their hands over their heads .

通过后一句对"surrendered"的解释：扔掉武器（throw down their weapons ）,举起双手（with their hands over heads ）可知其意是"投降"

5. 利用构词法知识（前缀和后缀）猜测词义

Example :

They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked him many difficult questions
"estimate"是"估计"的意思，"over－"是前缀，意为"过分，过度，超　过"等，因此"overestimate"就是"高估"的意思。

Example :

We were told that ours was the most spacious room in the hotel .That was why we had to pay so much for it .
"spacious"是由"space(名词，空间)"＋"＋－ious(形容词后缀　"变化而来的，因此，可猜测其词义为"宽敞"。
各种各样的前、后缀可以构成名词、形容词、动词、副词等，这些词缀需要平时不断地积累和记忆。掌握构词法知识是扩大词汇量和猜测生词词义的最佳办法。