例(2) The first paragraph is mainly about _____ . (1991年6月六级题22)??
A. the teenagers' criticism of their parents
B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents
C. the dominance of the parents over their children
D. the teenagers' ability to deal with crisis本文
(分析:短文意思是讲年青人有时批评、责备其父母,认为父母对他们间误解负大部分责任是自然的事。而B项意思是年青人和父母间的误解;C项意思是父母对他们孩子的统治;D项指年轻人处理危机的能力。根据短文内容,可以明确看出,B、C、D三项内容都是从三个方面来论述短文观点的,而A项则较全面地、有针对性地表达了文章的中心意思,故为答案。)
(五)选项中表达意义较具体的、肤浅的(字面意思)一般不是答案项,而概括性的、抽象的、含义深刻的是答案项。
例(1) The population in the 21st century _____ , according to the writer 。
A. will be smaller than a few years ago
B. will not be as small as people expect
C. will prove to be a threat to the world
D. will not constitute as serious a problem as expected
(分析:选项A、B中都有small一词,该词在文中出现过,因而总觉肤浅,是字面之意。C项明显与文章不符,而D项表达的意义比small要深刻得多。)
例(2) From the passage it can be seen that employeeship helps one . (1990年1月六级题)
A. to be more successful in his career
B. to solve technical problems
C. to be more specialized in his field
D. to develop his professional skill
(分析:题意是"从文中看出员工素质有助于人们 ...。" B项题即"解决技术问题";C项意即"深化专业";D项"发展职业技能"。这三项表达的意思都比较具体,而A项则概括地有深度,包括了B、C、D三项内容。)
(六)选项中较符合常识的,易明白的一般不是选项;而似乎不太合理,一时较难理解的往往是正确选项。
例(1) Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _____ 。(1999年1月四级题31)
A. stressing their high quality
B. unlinking him of their low price
C. maintaining a balance between quality and price
D. appealing to his buying motives
(分析:题干问的是"广告会通过什么办法能劝说顾客买那些没用的产品?"A项意思是通过强调质量,B项意思是使顾客意识到其产品价格低,C项意思是既考虑到质量又考虑到价格。这三项所表达的意思都是我们在看广告时能感受到的,生活中天天见到。故这样的选项一般不是答案。而D项意思是迎合了顾客购物心理,乍一看还不太明白,不好理解。而这样的选项往往是正确答案。)
例(2) Raising children, in the author's opinion, is . (1998年6月四级题32)
A. a moral duty
B. a thankless job
C. a rewarding task
D. a source of inevitable pain
(分析:题目问的是,"依作者观点,抚养孩子是 "。 依据我们日常生活所闻所见,抚养孩子就是A. "一种道德责任" B."不求回报的工作"。我们都觉得抚养孩子是人生义务,是天经地义的。这两项太熟悉了,因而一般不是答案。而C项"求回报的事",似乎不太合人情味、合乎常识。但这样的选项就是答案。D项有inevitable 一词,语气太绝对化,故排除掉。此外,在作者态度题中,象中立态度(neutral)一般不是选项。在四个选项中,忽然有一个选项特别长或特别短,则此选项往往是正确选项。在两个选项中,如果除个别字外,其他部分完全一样,其中往往有一个是正确选项。"None of the above"往往是用作干扰项。)