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2013年12月英语四级作文必备知识训练(2)

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  括号的用法
  括号用于隔开与中心意思相关不紧密的言语。
  In New York (I’ve lived there all my life and ought to know), you have to have a license for a gun.
  I thought I knew the poem by heart (boy, was I wrong!).
  For a long time (too long as far as I’m concerned), women were thought to be inferior to men.
  The first time I went driving (do you remember the day?), I was so scared.
  其他几种标点的用法
  问:如果连续使用两个形容词,可用逗号分开它们吗?
  答:在"Singapore is a clean, friendly city state"一句中,逗号代替了"and"。 连续两个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,可用逗号把它们隔开。但当其中一个形容词修饰另一形容词时,不需要用逗号隔开它们:
  On my way back home, I stared at the pale blue sky.
  问:何时用连字符连接单词?
  采用连字符连接的两个词,意思可一目了然。例如,没用连字符的合成词light year,字面意思是一年比另一年不重要;加上连字符,我们就很清楚light-year是光年的意思。
  通常,我们在处理名词前两个或多个词的组合时,可用连字符。
  例:know-how
  ready-to-wear
  faster-than-expected production
  life-form
  state-of-the-art technology
  medium-range missiles
  当这一群词用作形容词时,仅对它们所修饰的名词之前的词使用连字符。
  It was a fast-paced city life.
  即City life is fast paced.
  Bring me the up-to-date report.
  即Bring me up to date.
  还有,以"-ly"结尾的副词不用连字符。
  Wrong: We do not work with financially-unstable organizations.
  Correct: We do not work with financially unstable organizations.
  Wrong: We are required to attend all regularly-scheduled meetings.
  Correct: We are required to attend all regularly scheduled meetings.
  问:你赞成省略缩略语的中间或末尾的句点吗?
  答:这是一个关于写作风格和品味的问题,有些编者对缩略语用句点;有些则不用。用与不用取决于你。我的建议是,一旦你决定采用哪种方式,就不宜改变。专有名词中的句点应该保留,姓名之间的圆点应予保留。
  问:什么叫不分段句?
  答:两个完整的句子间仅用逗号,或不用任何其它标点,这两个句子叫做不分段句。
  例:
  The air conditioner is broken, we must have it repaired as soon as possible.
  How to rid of run-on? Here are a few approaches:
  有如下几种方法可消除不分段句 。
  The air conditioner is broken and has to be repaired as soon as possible.
  (使用连词"and")
  The air conditioner is broken; it has to be repaired as soon as possible.
  (用分号隔开这两个句子)
  The air conditioner is broken. We must have it repaired as soon as possible.
  (用句号隔开这两个句子)

重点单词   查看全部解释    
cynical ['sinikəl]

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adj. 愤世嫉俗的,吹毛求疵的

 
score [skɔ:]

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n. 得分,刻痕,二十,乐谱
vt. 记分,刻

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addition [ə'diʃən]

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n. 增加,附加物,加法

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rivet ['rivit]

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n. 铆钉 v. 铆接,固定,钉牢 v. 集中(目光、注

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gallery ['gæləri]

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n. 美术馆,画廊,顶层楼座,狭长的房间

 
limited ['limitid]

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adj. 有限的,被限制的
动词limit的过

 
basement ['beismənt]

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n. 根基,地下室
n.(新英格兰)特别

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inaugural [in'ɔ:gjurəl]

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adj. 就职典礼的,创始的 n. 就职演说,就职典礼

 
obvious ['ɔbviəs]

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adj. 明显的,显然的

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nevertheless [.nevəðə'les]

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adv. 仍然,不过
conj. 然而,不过

 

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