ability n. 能力，能耐，才能
　　例：He is a man of great ability. 他是位能力很强的人。The acting abilities of both are well　known. 这俩人的演技是众所周知的。搭配：ability to 具有……的能力，具有……的本领：We have great interest and our company has the ability to the project. 我们很感兴趣，而且我们公司有能力承建这个工程。
　　听力扩展：What’s more, there has been a lot of criticism from the general public that many college students who have successfully passed the CET6 cannot even compose a simple English letter or fill out an English application form. So we have good reasons to believe that a certain kind of test ought to be devised to assess students’ability in spoken English.另外，许多已经成功地通过了大学英语六级考试的大学生不会写英文信，不会用英文填写申请表，公众对此颇有异议。因此，我们有充足的理由相信，应该制定新的测试法，评估学生的英语口语能力。

　　able a. ①能够……的，得以……的 ②有才干的，有本事的
　　例：The patient was soon able to sit up. 病人很快就能坐起来了。He was acknowledged as an able statesman. 他被公认为是个有才干的政治家。搭配：be able to do sth. 有能力做某事：Most children are able to walk before they are able to talk. 大多数孩子在会说话前就会走路。
　　听力扩展：The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone. The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like this one. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. Remember that friends are very rare jewels, indeed. They make you smile and encourage you to succeed. They lend an ear, they share words of praise and they always want to open their hearts to us.”过了些天，男孩告诉父亲，篱笆上所有的钉子都被拔去了。父亲拉着儿子的手，来到了篱笆旁。“你做得很棒，我的孩子。”父亲说，“可是你瞧见篱笆上那些洞了吗?篱笆再也不会是原来那个样子了。你发脾气时说出的伤害别人的话会给对方留下一道伤痕。如同用刀去扎人，随后又把刀抽出来一样。孩子，要记住，朋友是世上最珍贵的宝石。朋友会带给你无尽欢笑，朋友会鼓励你成功，朋友会聆听、会赞扬、会永远对你敞开心扉。”

　　activity n. 活动，活动力
　　例：He once engaged in anti　government activity. 他一度从事反政府的活动。The store was a scene of great activity. 这家商店顾客盈门。拓展：active a. 有活力的

　　affect v. ①影响 ②使震动，使感动 ③装作
　　例：The amount of rain affects the growth of crops. 雨量影响作物的生长。She was deeply affected by the news of her father’s death. 父亲去世的消息使她深受震动。拓展：affective a. 情感的，表达感情的
　　听力扩展：
　　W: OK, honey, time for dinner. What would you like to eat?
　　M: Oh, honey, anything!
　　W: Let me see. How about hot pot?
　　M: No.
　　W: Sea food?
　　M: No, it will affect my sleep.
　　W: So what would you like to eat?
　　M: Honey, anything!
　　女：亲爱的，该吃饭了，想吃什么呀?
　　男：嗯，亲爱的，随便什么都可以!
　　女：我想想，火锅怎么样?
　　男：不想吃。
　　女：那海鲜呢?
　　男：不，晚上吃太多海鲜会影响睡眠的。
　　女：那……你想吃什么呀?
　　男：亲爱的，随便什么都可以!

　　allow v. ①容许，允许 ②考虑
　　例：He doesn’t allow cats in the room. 他不允许猫进入房内。He allowed that they were right. 他承认他们是对的。搭配：allow for 留出：Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment. 老师给他们三天时间完成作业。allow of 容许某事物：The situation allows of no delay. 情况不容许有任何延误。拓展：allowable a. 可容许的，可承认的

　　amount n. 总数，数量;v. 合计，共计
　　例：What is the amount we owe them? 我们总共欠他们多少钱? The bill amounts to 500 yuan. 这张账单共计500元。搭配：amount to 相当于：Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing. 将他人之物占为己有等于偷窃。any amount of 大量：The second half produced any amount of action. 下半场十分激烈。no amount of 即使再多……也不：No amount of talk is going to change anything. 谈得再多也不会有任何改变。

　　attention n. ①注意，注意力 ②照顾
　　例：Let me have your attention! 请注意听我讲话! She gave her aging parents much attention. 她悉心照料年迈的双亲。搭配：pay attention to sth. 注意，专心:Please pay attention to what I am saying. 请你注意我说的话。拓展：attentive a. 注意的，留心的
　　听力扩展：Good afternoon, everyone. The experiment is to start at 4:00. Have you gone through the instructions? OK. Now let me draw your attention to some important points. First of all, pay attention to safety. Second, don　t hurry to the finish, and take your time and do it correctly. Now, sign your names on the lab record, and after that you can start. If there are any questions, please ask me. 同学们，下午好。实验4点开始，都看过操作说明了吧? 好。请大家注意如下几点：第一，注意安全;第二，不要急于完成，慢慢来，操作要正确。现在，把名字写在实验记录上，可以开始了。如果有问题，请找我。

　　author n. 作家，创造者;v. 创造，写作
　　例：Dickens is his favorite author. 狄更斯是他最喜欢的作家。As the author of the scheme, I can’t really comment. 作为方案的设计者，我是不便置评的。
　　听力扩展：
　　One day a book-seller went to visit a famous writer and compliment him on the popular novel he had published recently. “What a remarkable novel you’ve written,”the book-seller said. “You know, it took me only two weeks to sell the books at a profit of 20,000 yuan.” “What a remarkable benefit you’ve made,”the author said, “You know, it took me twenty years to finish the book at a profit of 20,000 yuan.”有一天，一位书商拜访了一位著名作家并大加赞赏了他最近出版的流行小说。“你写的小说太了不起了啊，”书商说道：“我两个星期卖书就挣了2万元。”“你挣了这么多钱啊”，作者说：“你要知道，我花了二十年写书，才挣了2万元 。”【注】compliment v. 称赞，褒扬;remarkable a. 不平凡的，非凡的