1. They were the specialty-cheese-eating, sport-utility vehicle-driving environmentalists who railed against the elite even as they became one of themselves.
本句是一个复合句，主句是They were...environmentalists。其中the specialty-cheese-eating和 sport-utility vehicle-driving两个现在分词短语作前置定语修饰environmentalists o who引导限制性定语从句，修饰environmentalists。even as引导时间状语从句。
语法重点：分词短语作定语，定语从句，时间状语从句
2. The poorgeoisie are the countercultural rich who have adopted a form of consumerism against consumerism, a way of spending to make themselves look as though they haven't spent.
本句是一个复合句，主句是The poorgeoisie are the countercultural rich o who引导限制性定语从句，修饰the countercultural rich。其中 a way of...spent是a form of consumerism的同位语。其中as though引导方式状语从句。
语法重点：定语从句，同位语，方式状语从句