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Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The individual mobility, convenience, and status given by the private passenger car offer a seemingly unbeatable attraction. In 1987, a record 126,000 cars rolled off assembly lines each working day, and close to 400 million vehicles choke up the world’s streets today.
But the car’s usefulness to the individual stands in sharp contrast to the costs and burdens that society must shoulder to provide an automobile-centered transportation system. Since the clays of Henry Ford, societies have made a steady stream of laws to protect drivers from each other and themselves, as well as to protect the general public from the unintended effects of massive automobile use. Law makers have struggled over the competing goals of unlimited mobility and the individual’s fight to be free of the noise, pollution, and physical dangers that the automobile often brings.
Prior to the seventies, the auto’s usefulness and assured role in society were hardly questioned. Even worries about uprising gas prices and future fuel availability subsided (减退) in the eighties almost as quickly as they had emerged. Car sales recovered, driving is up, and wealthy customers are once more shopping for high performance cars.
The motor vehicle industry’s apparent success in dealing with the challenges of the seventies has obscured the harmful long-term trends of automobile centered transportation. Rising gasoline consumption will before long put increased pressure on oil production capacities. In addition, as more and more people can afford their own cars and as mass motorization takes hold, traffic jam becomes a tough problem. And motor vehicles are important contributors to urban air pollution, acid rain, and global warming.
Society’s interest in fuel supply security, the integrity of its cities, and protection of the environment calls for a fundamental rethinking of the automobile’s role. Stricter fuel economy and pollution standards are the most obvious and immediate measures that can be adopted. But they can only be part of the answer. In the years ahead, the challenge will be to develop innovative (革新的) transportation policies.
26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?
A) A good car indicates its owner’s high social position.
B) A good car allows its owner to travel free.
C) A car provides its owner with a sense of safety.
D) A car adds to its owner’s attractiveness.
27. The phrase “rolled off assembly lines” (Para. 1, Lines 2-3) means ________.
A) “were turned out from factories”
B) “moved along production lines”
C) “moved along the streets”
D) “were lined up in the streets”
28. The passage states that there is ________.
A) a sharp contrast between the cost and usefulness of the cars
B) a sharp contrast between the cost and performance of the cars
C) a sharp conflict between car drivers and traffic rules
D) a sharp contradiction between the convenience of car owners and the burdens of society
29. It is implied that the auto’s assured role in society is ________.
A) threatened by the rising gas prices
B) challenged by a series of fundamental problems
C) protected by law
D) firmly established
30. Stricter fuel economy and pollution standards are ________.
A) only part of the solution to massive automobile use
B) the best way to cope with the massive use of cars
C) innovative transportation policies
D) future policies of the automobile industry
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