Passage Two
[31]The economic costs of noise to society are several. [29]Airports are currently operating at less capacity because of noise regulations which restrict their hours of operation. For instance, at Washington's National Airport jet traffic is not allowed from 11 pm to 7 am. Other airports restrict the use of certain runways. One estimate is that noise restrictions reduce possible airport use by 20 percent. The profitable cargo trade is especially affected by night restrictions.
In the case of airports, jet engines may be modified to reduce their noise level. One estimate is that $5.7 billion would be required to equip all existing jet engines with noise control devices. However, even taking this step will not reduce noise levels at all points to acceptable values. Some combination of methods is probably necessary.
[30]/[31]If all aircraft were made quieter by existing methods, there would be a number of economic benefits. [30]An increase in airport capacity would occur.Property values near airports might rise. Transportation costs to and from airports could be reduced since the airports now could be located closer to population centers.
[31]Much research still needs to be done on the economic aspects of noise reduction and noise effects. Although some of the effects of noise pollution are known, more must be discovered about its effects on health, productivity, property values and the quality of life. Furthermore, the cost of noise pollution to the economy as a whole needs to be investigated. The public must be alerted to the dangers and economic costs of noise pollution so that people may make intelligent choices and exert appropriate pressures.

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you just heard.
29. Why is there no jet traffic at Washington's National Airport from 11 pm to 7 am?
正确答案：B
解析：细节题。短文开头提到，由于噪音控制条例限制飞机运作时间，现今机场在以较低的容纳量运作，比如，华盛顿国家机场就规定从晚上11点到次日凌晨7点禁止飞机起降。由此可知，B为正确答案。
30. What result might noise reduction cause according to the speaker?
正确答案：A
解析：细节题。短文提到，如果现存方法可以降低飞机噪音的话，将会带来许多经济利益；机场容纳量将会提升……。由此可知，A为正确答案。B、D与原文相悖；C是noise reduction的原因，而不是结果。题目中多个选项在录音中都有提及时，要注意适当地做记录。
31. What is the passage mainly about?
正确答案：D
解析：主旨题。本文并无主题句，需要通过上下文综合理解。短文首先提出了噪音所带来的economic costs这个问题，然后又讨论了noise reduction所带来的economic benefits。通过对文章的整体把握，可以推断出D为正确答案。A、B、C在文中都有提及，均为细节内容而非文章主题。