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Archimedes and the crown
阿基米德与王冠
King Hiero asked the crown-maker to make him a gold crown, but when the king got the crown, he suspected that the crown was not entirely made of gold.
希罗王命令一个制造王冠的工匠为他做一顶金王冠，然而，当国王拿到王冠后他很怀疑这顶王冠不是纯金做的。
Then the king sent the crown to Archimedes, the best scientist in the kingdom.
于是国王就把王冠送到举国最棒的科学家--阿基米德那里。
Archimedes thought about the problem while a servant poured some water into a bath for him.
当阿基米德思考这个问题的时候，有个仆人正把水倒进浴盆给他洗澡用。
Archimedes got in the bath and some water came out of it, onto the floor.
阿基米德走进浴盆洗澡，水就溢了出来，流到地上。
Archimedes was very excited.
阿基米德非常兴奋。
'That's it!' shouted Archimedes to the servant.
“我想到了”阿基米德喊道。
'If we put an object in a pot full of water, some of the water will come out.
“如果把一个物体放入一满罐水，就会有水溢出来。
The object displaces the water.
放进去的物体代替了水的重量。
A big object will displace a lot of water.
大的物体会使溢出的水多一些。
A small object will displace only a little water.'
小的会使溢出的水少些。”
Archimedes went to the palace to weigh the crown.
阿基米德去皇宫给王冠称重。
It weighed one kilogram.
它重为一千克。
He put the crown in a pot of water.
他把王冠放入一罐水中。
Five centimetres of water came out.
有五厘米深的水溢出来。
He then put one kilogram of gold in another pot of water.
然后他又把一千克黄金放进了另一罐水中。
Three centimetres of water came out of this pot.
有三厘米的水从罐中溢出。
Archimedes said to King Hiero, 'Silver made the crown bigger.
阿基米德对希罗王说，“银子做的王冠比重会更大。
That is why the crown displaced more water.
这就是为什么王冠会使更多的水溢出来。
So, the crown is not made entirely of gold; it is made of both gold and silver.'
所以，这顶王冠根本不是纯金做的；是金和银混合而制成的”。
King Hiero was very angry when he heard this, and he sent the crown-maker to prison.
听到这，希罗王非常生气，并把制作王冠的工匠送入了监狱。
