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每日语法(4.14):动词不定式 (2)

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动词不定式 (2)

不定式作补语

1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)


advise   allow   appoint   believe   cause   challenge command  compel   consider  declare   drive   enable  encourage  find    forbid   force   guess   hire    imagine  impel   induce   inform  instruct  invite   judge    know    like   order    permit  persuade  remind   report  request   require  select send    state   suppose   tell    think  train   trust   understand urge    warn 

例句:
  a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.       
   父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。


  b. We believe him to be guilty.
   我们相信他是有罪的。


Find 的特殊用法:


  Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get,have。
   I found him lying on the ground.
   I found it important to learn.
   I found that to learn English is important.

典型例题:
  The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead. 
  A. lying  B. lie  C. lay  D. laying  

答案:A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。


2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。


Acknowledge,  believe, consider,  think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel   find, guess,  judge,  imagine,   know,  prove,     see(理解), show,    suppose,     take(以为),   understand


   We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.
   我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。


典型例题
   Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. 
A. to invent B. inventing  C. to have invented  D. having invented 


答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。.
此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。


3) to be +形容词


Seem,     appear,   be said,  be supposed,  be believed, be thought, be known,  be reported, hope, wish,  desire,   want,    plan,  expect,    mean…
 The book is believed to be uninteresting.
 人们认为这本书没什么意思。


4) there be+不定式


believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
 We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 : 有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider.


 We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
 Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
declare [di'klɛə]

想一想再看

v. 宣布,声明,申报

联想记忆
induce [in'dju:s]

想一想再看

vt. 引起,引诱,导致

联想记忆
urge [ə:dʒ]

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vt. 驱策,鼓励,力陈,催促
vi. 极力主

联想记忆
persuade [pə'sweid]

想一想再看

vt. 说服,劝说

联想记忆
command [kə'mɑ:nd]

想一想再看

n. 命令,指挥,控制
v. 命令,指挥,支配

联想记忆
acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ]

想一想再看

vt. 承认,公认,告知收到,表示感谢,注意到

联想记忆
instruct [in'strʌkt]

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v. 教,命令,指导
[计算机] 指示

联想记忆
uninteresting

想一想再看

adj. 无趣味的,乏味的;令人厌倦的

 
guilty ['gilti]

想一想再看

adj. 有罪的,内疚的

 
understand [.ʌndə'stænd]

想一想再看

vt. 理解,懂,听说,获悉,将 ... 理解为,认为<

 


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