inefficient
a. (of a person or an organization) failing to make the best use of the available time and resources 无效率的

upstream
ad. & a. in the direction from which a river, etc. flows; against the current 逆流（的）；往上游（的）

conventional wisdom
the opinion that most people consider to be normal and right 一般人的意见，流行的看法

niche
n. a suitable position, place, job, etc. 合适的位置（或地方、职务等）

simplistic
a. making difficult problems, issues, ideas, etc. seem much simpler than they really are, e.g. in order to conceal sth. （把复杂问题）过分简单化的；被过分简单化的

execute
vt. do or perform (what one is asked or told to do) 实行，实施；执行，履行

execution
n. 实行；执行，履行

Phrases and Expressions

come up with
find or produce (an answer, etc.) 提出，想出

single out
choose (sb./sth.) from a group, e.g. for special attention 选出，挑出

at one time or another
在某个时候

go without saying
be very obvious or natural 不用说，不言而喻

put...through
make (sb.) experience (sth. very difficult or unpleasant) 使…经受

pride oneself on
be proud of 以…自豪

in the end
at last；finally 最终；最后

commit to
devote oneself to (a certain cause, position, opinion, or course of action) 献身于

loosen up
relax （使）放松

think up
produce (an idea or a plan): invent or devise (sth.) 想出；设计出，发明

figure out
come up with; come to understand or discover by thinking （美口）想出；理解，明白

bubble up
move upward in or as if in bubbles; emerge from below 往上冒泡；涌现

stand behind
be responsible for 对…负责

go out of business
become bankrupt 破产；倒闭；歇业

wave down
signal to (a vehicle or its driver) to stop, by waving one's hand 挥手示意（车辆、司机）停下

Proper Names

Sam Walton
萨姆·沃尔顿（1918—1922，美国企业家）

Wal-Mart
沃尔 — 玛特商场（由萨姆·沃尔顿于1962年开办）

Wall Street
华尔街（美国纽约市曼哈顿区南部的一条街道，是美国金融机构的集中地，现常作美国金融市场或金融界的代名词）