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A loser has difficulty giving and receiving affection. He does not enter into intimate, honest direct relationships with others. Instead, he tries to manipulate them into living up to his expectations and channels his energies into living up to their expectations.
失败者不善于表达和接受感情。他不跟别人建立亲密而真诚的直接关系。相反，他试图操纵别人使之按自己的心愿行事，同时尽力实现他人的期望。
When a person wants to discover and change his "losing streak," when he wants to become more like the winner he was born to be, he can use gestalt-type experiments and transactional analysis to make change happen. These are two new, exciting, psychological approaches to human problems. The first was given new life by Dr. Frederick Perls; the second was developed by Dr. Eric Berne.
当一个人想要发现并改变自己“失败的个性特征”，当他想要变得更像他生来就应该是的胜者时，他可以使用格式塔式实验和相互作用分析以促使改变发生。这是解决人的问题的两种新的令人激动的心理学方法。第一种方法由弗雷德里克·帕尔斯博士注入了新的生机；第二种方法则是由埃里克·伯恩发明的。
Perls was born in Germany in 1893 and left the country when Hitler came into power. Berne was born in Montreal in 1910. Both men were trained as Freudian psychoanalysts ; both broke away from the use of orthodox psychoanalysis; both found their greatest popularity and acceptance in the United States.
帕尔斯1893年生于德国，希特勒上台后离开了自己的国家。伯恩1910年生于蒙特利尔。两个人经过专门训练都成了信奉弗洛伊德学说的精神分析学家；后来又都放弃了正统的精神分析治疗法；又都在美国赢得了最高的声誉，获得了最广泛的承认。
