手机APP下载

您现在的位置: 首页 > 大学英语 > 大学教材听力 > 大学英语精读(第三版) > 大学英语精读(第三版)第五册 > 正文

大学英语精读(第三版) 第五册: unit5A Science and the Scientific Attitude(5)

来源:可可英语 编辑:Alisa   可可英语APP下载 |  可可官方微信:ikekenet
  


扫描二维码可进行跟读训练
  下载MP3到电脑  [F8键暂停/播放]   批量下载MP3到手机

Scientists must accept facts even when they would like them to be different. They must strive to distinguish between what they see and what they wish to see --- for humanity's capacity for self-deception is vast. People have traditionally tended to adopt general rules, beliefs, creeds, theories, and ideas without thoroughly questioning their validity and to retain them long after they have been shown to be meaningless, false, or at least questionable. The most widespread assumptions are the least questioned. Most often, when an idea is adopted, particular attention is given to cases that seem to support it, while cases that seem to refute it are distorted, belittled, or ignored. We feel deeply that it is a sign of weakness to "change out minds." Competent scientists, however, must be expert at changing their minds. This is because science seeks not to defend our beliefs but to improve them. Better theories are made by those who are not hung up on prevailing ones.

科学家必须接受事实,即使在他们希望事实不同时也必须如此。他们必须竭尽全力把他们看到的同他们希望看到的区分开来——因为人类具有极大的自欺能力。人们一贯倾向于未经彻底询问其是否正确,便采纳一般的规则、信仰、信念、理论和观点,而且在它们被证明是毫无意义的、错误的或者至少是可疑的之后,能长久地抱住它们不放。流传最广的假定是最少受到怀疑的。当某种观点被采纳之后,人们特别注意的往往是那些似乎是证实这一观点的事例,而似乎是驳斥它的事例则被歪曲、贬低或忽视。我们都深深感到,“改变看法”是一种虚弱的表现。然而,有能力的科学家必须善于改变看法。这是因为科学所追求的并不是维护我们的信念而是要改进我们的信念。只有那些不迷恋于流行理论的人才能创造出更好的理论来。

重点单词   查看全部解释    
questioning ['kwestʃəniŋ]

想一想再看

n. 质问 v. 询问,审问(question的现在分词

 
defend [di'fend]

想一想再看

v. 防护,辩护,防守

 
distorted [dis'tɔ:tid]

想一想再看

adj. 歪曲的;受到曲解的 v. 扭曲(distort

 
questionable ['kwestʃənəbəl]

想一想再看

adj. 可疑的,可置疑的

 
adopt [ə'dɔpt]

想一想再看

v. 采用,收养,接受

联想记忆
vast [vɑ:st]

想一想再看

adj. 巨大的,广阔的
n. 浩瀚的太

 
competent ['kɔmpitənt]

想一想再看

adj. 有能力的,胜任的,足够的

联想记忆
validity [væ'liditi]

想一想再看

n. 有效性,正确性,正当

 
distinguish [dis'tiŋgwiʃ]

想一想再看

vt. 区别,辨认,使显著

联想记忆
widespread ['waidspred]

想一想再看

adj. 分布(或散布)广的,普遍的

 

发布评论我来说2句

    最新文章

    可可英语官方微信(微信号:ikekenet)

    每天向大家推送短小精悍的英语学习资料.

    添加方式1.扫描上方可可官方微信二维码。
    添加方式2.搜索微信号ikekenet添加即可。