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III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Many of us have characteristics that are inherited from our families. Maybe we have our father’s eyes or our grandmother’s hair color – __51__ features that result from the genes we inherit. But there are other elements of our personalities such as behaviors and viewpoints that we pick up by __52__ our parents. Perhaps we have picked up our mother’s love of cleaning or our dad’s sense of humor. Now, researchers at the University of Michigan believe there may be a specific viewpoint we can thank our parents for: the way we __53__ work.
The researchers referred to previous studies that identified three main ways of viewing work.
First, there are job-oriented (以求职为目的的)people, those who __54__ to see their job as simply a way to make money. They __55__ to clocking out（打卡下班）every day and pursuing fun activities __56__ the office. If you have a job-oriented father, you may view work this way. __57__, if you grew up close to your mother you probably will not hold this viewpoint. One possible __58__ cited by the study: Youngsters that grow up close to their mothers are less likely to view work as just a job.
Second, there are career-oriented（追求事业型的）people who see their job as a place to find __59__ and gain a sense of __60__. These are the people who don’t __61__ working overtime. In fact, some people love their jobs so much that they become workaholics! They are more comfortable in the office than at home. According to the study, being close to a career- oriented father while growing up means there’s a good chance you’ll share his perspective. Oddly, having a mother with this viewpoint seems to have little __62__.
Third, there are calling-oriented workers – folks who view their job as a way to make a (n) __63__ impact upon the world. They are more __64__ with improving the world around them than earning a large salary. In the study, those who expressed a strong calling (天职)orientation came from homes where both parents were calling-oriented. This suggests that adolescents need the support of both parents in order to have the confidence to put __65__ first and career success second.
The good news is – we still have choice. Whether we share our parents’ views of work or not, we can still find a career that suits us.
51. A. medical B. physical C. biological D. mental
52. A. stimulating B. neglecting C. implying D. modeling
53. A. view B. think C. evaluate D. comment
54. A. attempt B. manage C. tend D. offer
55. A. pay attention B. are opposed C. look forward D. are devoted
56. A. outside B. inside C. upside D. downside
57. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. However D. Moreover
58. A. observation B. explanation C. negotiation D. instruction
59. A. salary B. company C. direction D. achievement
60. A. trust B. identity C. despair D. urgency
61. A. like B. resist C. mind D. consider
62. A. influence B. evidence C. performance D. justice
63. A. objective B. negative C. subjective D. positive
64. A. familiar B. concerned C. anxious D. combined
65. A. personal ideals B. economic profits
C. professional achievements D. global development
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
I’m afraid we have to accept the fact that criminals are getting younger all the time, but unfortunately the crimes are becoming more serious. I only wish we didn’t have to admit this but, in doing so, we must first ask ourselves what’s wrong with our society, or else our children clearly couldn’t care less about law and order.
The days of the sneak thief who stole a couple of apples or a packet of sweets from a chain store are actually over. I had a chance to say this to a young offender the other day, “Sweets from a chain store?” He said, “You must be joking. That’s what kids do.” I may add that he was aged 11. In other words, today’s young criminals would find it laughable to risk being caught for petty theft of this description. They’ve got enough money in their pockets to buy the sweets they want, anyway. I think it’s all too easy to put the blame on anyone but ourselves.
Faced as they are with a society that frequently gives them up on the grounds of color, race or low learning ability, these children turn to crime as a means of showing off their self-respect. Nurtured on films and TV glamorizing (美化) the role of the criminal, they are quick to copy these anti-heroes. It is a matter of increasing concern to the police and government that the Children and Young Persons Act, 1969, is becoming improper to deal with the rise in young criminals. Because the emphasis has been placed on the cause and gentle treatment of their crimes, rather than on old-fashioned methods of punishment, the children themselves know well that there is very little that can be done to prevent them continuing to steal, damage and in some case even cause the death of those they choose to terrorize (恐吓). I don’t like the look of this situation any more than you do. In our own interests and in those of our children and grandchildren, we cannot continue to take the “it’s nothing to do with me” attitude we have used for so long. We must unite in a common demand for harder and stricter methods against these young criminals.
66.By raising the question “Sweets from the chain store?”, the writer was asking the boy whether _ _______.
A. he wanted some sweets from a chain store
B. stealing sweets from a chain store was illegal
C. he was caught while stealing from a chain store
D. the days of stealing sweets from a chain store were over
67.Psychologically speaking, the reason why some youngsters commit crimes is that _______.
A. they want to take revenge on society
B. they think it a way of showing their self-respect
C. they are good at imitating the criminals in the films
D. they don’t know what they are doing is against the law
68.In dealing with young criminals, the writer is obviously in favor of _______.
A. severe punishment once used in the past
B. showing great concern about our children
C. more patient methods in educating young criminals
D. treating every young criminal as our own child
69. In the writer’s opinion, who should be blamed most?
A. TV and films. B. Young criminals. C. Police. D. Society.
