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Ⅱ 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
From children’s birthdays to that long-awaited family holiday, we all want to remember those important moments with a photograph. But if you’re one of those people who can’t stop snapping photos at an important event, beware-you could end up forgetting it all in a flash.
Experts have warned that the addiction to recording every moment of our lives could be having an adverse effect on our memories.
Maryanne Garry, a New Zealand psychology professor, has been studying how the frequent taking of photos might change childhood memories. “I think the problem is that people are forgetting to experience the moment,” she says. Parents at the park taking one photo after another of their children, for example, are actually paying less attention to what is happening around them. The picture only captures a small party of the total experience. And because parents remember less about these important events, they become less effective in their role as the key people who help children learn how to talk about their experiences. As a result, children’s own childhood memories are reduced.
The idea that we are experiencing less as we record more got psychologist Linda Henkel thinking. She wanted to explore how photographs shape our memories.
Henkel, who researches human memory at Fairfield University in Connecticut, did an experiment by sending groups of students to the university’s art museum. The students observed some objects and photographed others. Then, back at the laboratory, they were given a memory test. Henkel found what she called a “photo-taking effect”. The students remembered fewer of the objects that they had taken photos of, and they remembered fewer details about those objects. She says her students’ memories were worse because they were relying on the camera to remember the details for them.
“As soon as you hit ‘click’ on that camera, it’s as if you’ve outsourced your memory,” she says.
26. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.
A. an important event B. a child’s birthday
C. A valuable photograph D. A family holiday
27. According to Garry, what will be the result of parents frequently taking photos of their children?
A. Parents will be very skillful at taking photos.
B. Children will enjoy many more beautiful pictures.
C. Parents will appreciate these important moments less.
D. Children will become more important in their parents’ eyes.
28. According to Paragraph 3, why are children’s memories reduced?
A. Flash lights are causing children to forget more things.
B. Parents are not interested in listening to children’s experiences.
C. Children are more interested in taking photos than experiencing.
D. Parents are less effective in helping children discuss their experiences.
29. How did Henkel develop her theory about the “photo-taking effect”?
A. By carrying out an experiment
B. By giving a questionnaire
C. By interviewing a group of students
D. By researching the findings of the others
30. What’s the purpose of this passage?
A. To introduce a new discovery in taking photos.
B. To discuss the effect of photo-taking on memory.
C. To explain how to use cameras in an effective way.
D. To describe the ways of remembering valuable experiences.
B
The human body is an amazing machine. It’s tough, and we usually recover from illness or injury on our own, without the help of a doctor. But what happens when we need medical treatment? In the past, some people went to a hospital to see a medical doctor. Others preferred traditional treatments, such as herbal medicine or acupuncture (针灸). These two types of medicine-one modern and Western and the other ancient and Eastern-used to have nothing to do with each other.
In recent years, however, people have begun combining both modern medical science and more traditional treatments. This new kind of medicine is often called integrative medicine because it integrates, or combines, different types of medical approaches. Some of the principles of integrative medicine include preventing illness by helping people stay healthy, integrating different types of treatments according to patient needs, and considering the health of the whole person rather than concentrating on a particular illness or injury.
One health organization in America has opened its Integrative Medicine and Wellness Center. At the center, members are offered different services. Those suffering backache can try massage to relax their muscles and encourage the flow of healing energy in their body. Those with allergies are helped to develop their body’s natural resistance. And those who aren’t ill, but want to improve their strength and focus their mind, take tai chi or yogo classes.
Integrative medicine patients appreciate having an alternative to surgery or to drugs and their harmful side effects. They also enjoy activities and treatments that make them feel better even if they are not sick. And economically, preventing illness is much less expensive than a hospital stay.
According to Dr. Andrew Weil, founder of the Program in Integrative Medicine at the University of Arizona, integrative medicine combines the best parts of Western medicine with traditional therapies. And because both doctors and patients are working to prevent illness, they become partners with the same goal instead of strangers who see each other only when the patient is sick.
31. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A. Western medicine
B. Acupuncture and herbal medicine
C. Changes in medical education
D. Combining modern and traditional medicine
32. By using the underlined statement “preventing illness by helping people stay healthy” in Paragraph 2, the writer wants to __________.
A. provide advice on how to stay healthy
B. describe a principle of integrative medicine
C. recommend modern medicine over traditional medicine
D. explain why some people doubt the effectiveness of new treatments
33. Which of the following is an example of integrative medicine?
A. Having a heart operation.
B. Taking a pain killer for a headache.
C. Using herbal treatments after an operation.
D. Having herbal medicine and acupuncture.
34. Which is NOT mentioned as an advantage of integrative medicine?
A. Patients take actions to avoid getting ill.
B. It costs less than medical care in hospitals.
C. Patients have more choices in terms of treatment.
D. Doctors are able to carry out more medical research.
35. According to Dr. Weil, with integrative medicine, __________.
A. the doctor gives the orders and the patient follows passively
B. doctor and patient see each other occasionally if there is a problem
C. doctor and patient work together so that the patient does not become ill
D. doctor and patient perform the same role in providing medical treatment
