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C
The bed should be reserved as a place for sleep, but people tend to read an iPad a lot in bed before they go to sleep.
Charles Czeisler, a professor at Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues got a small group of people for an experiment. For five days in a row, the people read either a paper book or an iPad for four hours before sleep. Their sleep patterns were monitored all night. Before and after each trial period, the people took hourly blood tests to paint a day-long picture of just how much melatonin (褪黑激素) was in their blood at any given time.
When subjects read on the iPad as compared to the paper books, they reported feeling less sleepy at night and less active the following morning. People also took longer to fall asleep on the iPad nights, and the blood tests showed that their melatonin secretion (分泌) was delayed by an hour and a half.
The researchers conclude in today's journal article that given the rise of e-readers and the increasingly widespread use of e-things among children and adolescents, more research into the "long-term consequences of these devices (设备) on health and safety is urgently needed. " Czeisler and colleagues go on, in the research paper, to note "Reading an iPad in bed may increase cancer risk.
However, software has been developed that can reduce some of the blue light from the screens of phones and computers according to time of day, and there are also glasses that are made to filter (过滤) short wavelengths. While they seem like a logical solution for the nighttime tech users, it needs more research.
64. In Charles Czeislers experiment, all the subjects were asked to______.
A. sit in a row and receive the strict tests. B. have their sleep patterns observed all night
C. read a paper book and an iPad at the same time
D. have their blood tested per hour during the trial
65. The third paragraph tells us the iPad readers were likely to____________.
A. feel less sleepy and tired in the day B. fall asleep more easily after reading
C. become less energetic the next morning D. have a lot more melatonin secretion
66. The special software recently developed can______.
A. remove the blue light from your devices completely
B. help prevent eyes being harmed by short wavelength
C. weaken the harm done by doing nighttime e-reading
D. be used in all the e-things widely and safely
67. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. No e-reading in bed before sleep B. New software for night e-readers
C. Wrong behaviors before bedtime D. No games on iPad in bed
D
I am a green girl. To me, that means doing my part to care for my body and our planet every day. I eat green food, turn off lights, recycle, and make smart, simple choices that protect our future, especially in regard to my own body.
If what I put on my body could be harmful, why would I do it? At age 13, that question led me and a group of my friends to found Teens for Safe Cosmetics (化妆品). We try to focus on educating our peers about safe and healthy lifestyle choices, and inspiring positive changes in our communities as we work towards a greener future.
I believe that a green lifestyle begins with greener choices in cosmetics and personal care products. Where better to start change than with your own body? By supporting companies that are doing good to our body and planet and partnering with like-minded groups and individuals (个人), we are raising awareness about potentially harmful exposures and taking the precautionary steps to reduce the damage to our bodies and lessen global effect.
We started Teens Turning Green in partnership with like-minded eco-conscious companies. They provide varieties of best products on the market for teenagers to select for safety and practicality.
Education and enthusiasm are the keys to an environmentally world, and empowering (授权) youth --the future leaders - is the most important! By learning to care for ourselves, others, and the planet, and then sharing that with others, we can set up healthy lifelong patterns for a green future. So join me on this journey to guarantee a healthy body, planet, and future for our generation and beyond!
68. One of the aims of Teens for Safe Cosmetics founded by the author and her friends is to
A. educate her peers to choose safe cosmetic
B. promote safe cosmetics in communities
C. help their peers choose a safe and healthy lifestyle
D. look for inspiration for physical beauty among teens
69. Why does the author support some cosmetics companies?
A. Because they raise public awareness of personal health.
B. Because their products are helpful for girls' mental health.
C. Because they call on us to take steps to protect the planet.
D. Because they offer some green personal care products.
70. The last paragraph is intended to______.
A. tell us how to set up a healthy lifelong pattern for a green future
B. advocate the younger generation should share the personal experiences
C. prove education and enthusiasm are vital for environment protection
D. call on people to join together for a greener life and better environment
71. Which of the following can best describe the author?
A. Sociable and active. B. Sensitive and outgoing.
C. Enthusiastic but stubborn. D. Inspiring but selfish.
E
The secret to a better cup of morning coffee might simply be choosing the right colored coffee mug (杯).
The color of a coffee mug can have something to do with the way coffee tastes, according to a recent study, which was conducted in Australia and tested the influence that three different colored mugs — one white, one blue and one clear glass, had on the perception (感知) of different tastes. The researchers served 18 participants the same cup of coffee, in one of the three similarly shaped but differently colored containers, and then asked them to rate their sweetness, smell, bitterness, quality and acceptability.
It turns out specifically that the white mug was associated with a more intense (浓) or bitter tasting cup of coffee, and the clear glass mug was not. The blue mug, meanwhile, proved to be "kind of an in-between." The opposite was true for perceived sweetness — participants noted less sweetness when drinking from the white mug than they did when drinking from both the blue and clear glass mugs.
Research published this year shows that the color of a plate had a clear effect on taste intensity and sweetness. And the color red specifically has even been associated with lower levels of consumption.
A red strawberry looks redder when placed against a white plate than it does against a black one. And there are associations with that redness that in turn can affect taste, Spence explains. "Red might indicate heightened sweetness, because red fruits tend to be riper than green fruits," he said. And that indication can be enough to cause a large difference in taste.
In the case of coffee, specifically, the researchers believe that the color brown might be something people associate with bitterness. "The white mug may have influenced the perceived brownness of the coffee and this, in turn, may have influenced the perceived intensity and sweetness of the coffee," the researchers wrote. That would help explain why clear coffee mugs tended to have the opposite effect.
72. After being served the coffee, the participants were asked to______.
A. distinguish the colors of the mugs B. exchange the ideas about the tastes
C. judge the mug's influence on the coffee D. give an overall description of the coffee
73. Participants considered the coffee in the white mugs______.
A. the bitterest B. the least intense C. the sweetest D. neither intense nor bitter
74. According to Spence, a white container could______.
A. get the fruit in it riper B. keep the taste of food inside it
C. make the red fruit in it look even redder D. reduce the sweetness of the fruit in it
75. If you prefer a clear mug for drinking coffee, it might indicate that you______.
A. don't mind the color of coffee B. would like a sweeter taste of coffee
C. are accustomed to the bitterness of coffee D. are interested in the brownness of the coffee
