1.reef n．礁，暗礁(ridge of rock, shingle, sand, etc. at or near the surface of the sea)

例：coral reef珊瑚礁

2.referendum n.[pl. referenda]公民投票(referring of a political issue to a general vote by all the people of a country for a decision)

3.referral n．推荐，提及(the act, action, or an instance of referring)

例：Some business is difficult to obtain through referrals and word-of- mouth.

4.refine v.精炼(to free from impurities)；改善(to improve)

词根记忆：re(重新)+fine(纯的，精美的)——重新变纯——精炼

例：The oil needed to be refined before it could be used. //The company refined its hiring process.

派生词：refinement(n．提炼；改进)；refined(a．精炼的)

5.refiner n．精炼机(machines which make improvement by introducing subtleties or distinctions)；精制者，精炼者

词根记忆：来自refine(v.精炼；改善)

例：Heating-oil prices are expected to be higher this year than last because refiners are paying about $5 a barrel more for crude oil than they were last year.

6.refinery n.精炼厂(a building and equipment for refining or processing)

词根记忆：来自refine(v.精炼；改善)

例：The Tasberg refinery is more favorably situated than the Grenville refinery with respect to the major supply routes for raw petroleum.

同根词：refinement(n．精制：提纯)

7.reflective a．反射的，反照的(capable of reflecting light, images, or sound waves)；深思熟虑的(thoughtful)

词根记忆：re+flect(弯曲)+ive(形容词后缀)——向后弯曲的——反射的

例：Antarctica receives more solar radiation than does any other place on Earth, yet the temperatures are so cold and the ice cap is so reflective that little of the polar ice melts during the summer.

派生词：reflectively( ad.厦应地：反照地)

8.reflex n.（对刺激的本能）反应(an automatic and often inborn response to a stimulus)；[~es]反应能力(the power of acting or responding with adequate speed)

词根记忆：re(反)+flex(弯曲)——反过来弯曲——反应

例：Fifteen-year-olds typically have much better eyesight, much better hand-eye coordination and much quicker reflexes.

派生词：reflexive(a．自发的：反身的)

9.refraction n.折射(bending of a ray of light)

词根记忆：来自refract(v.使折射)

例：The Chinese launched weather balloons near their theodolites to measure atmospheric temperature and pressure changes to better estimate refraction errors.

派生词：refractive(a.折射的)

10.refrain v.抑制，避免(curb, restrain)

例：People must refrain from drinking if they will have to drive.

11.refuel v．补给燃料(to provide with additional fuel)；重新得到燃料(to take on additional fuel)

词根记忆：re（再）+fuel(燃料)——重新得到燃料

例：The Skybus's fuel efficiency results in both lower fuel costs and reduced time spent refueling.