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Maternity care is patient and family centered.
产妇护理以病人及其家人为中心。
It offers choices not only to mothers about their delivery, but also to the father, siblings, and grandparents for they are part of the family.
一些分娩方面的问题不仅仅须与孕妇商定，孩子的父亲、兄弟姐妹、以及祖父母都有权参与，因为他们都是家庭的一份子。
The practices and preferences of the care often stem from their cultural background.
他们的文化背景往往影响他们对护理内容及方式的要求。
So we should take it into consideration.
因此我们应当将其考虑在内。
In pregnancy, preventive care should be emphasized, since prenatal care helps to prevent poor pregnancy result.
孕期需重视预防性护理，产前护理能够防止不良妊娠反应。
Some basic concepts for child bearing are as follows.
关于生育的几个基础概念如下：
1. One ovum is fertilized by one sperm, although about 300,000,000 are there in the vagina, and a fertilized ovum, zygote results.
一个卵细胞只能与一个精子结合。尽管阴道内有总共有300,000,000个精卵细胞，最后受精卵只有一个。
Each sperm or ovum has 23 chromosomes.
每个精细胞或卵细胞有23条染色体。
The zygote contains 46 chromosomes, half from the ovum and half from the sperm.
受精卵中有46条染色体，一半来自卵细胞一半来自精细胞。
2. The sex of the child is determined at the time of fertilization by the sperm, depending on whether it carries an X or Y chromosome.
婴儿的性别在受精那一刻被决定，取决于受精卵是含有X染色体还是Y染色体。
The ovum only has X chromosomes.
卵细胞内只有X染色体。
3. After fertilization, the fertilized egg travels through the fallopian tubes to the uterus.
受精后，受精卵穿过输卵管到达子宫。
4. Due date Calculation.
预产期的计算。
a. 280 days from LMP, last menstrual period.
a.末次月经后280天。
b. 266 days from the time of ovulation.
b.排卵日后266天。
c. 40 weeks.
c.40周。
d. 9 months.
d.九个月。
5. Pregnancy tests.
验孕
a. Blood test is to measure human chorionic gonadotropin, which is a hormone secreted by the placenta.
a. 血检是为了测量人体绒毛膜促性腺激素，人体绒毛膜促性腺激素是胎盘分泌的一种荷尔蒙。
b. It can be positive 2 days after the missed period.
b.在错过月经期两周之后应呈阳性。
c. Radioimmunoassay can be positive 8 days after ovulation.
c.排卵日后8天通过放射免疫检定法检查呈阳性。
The result can be obtained in one hour.
可以在一小时内拿到结果。
译文属可可原创，仅供学习和交流使用，未经允许不得转载
