同义替换

即是否同时掌握具备相同含义的多个近义词。

如 :It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the ‘pure‘ science that they study at school.

该题为判断题,回原文定位Many studies have shown that children harbour misconceptions about ‘pure‘, curriculum science.,这句话中curriculum（课程总称）对应的即为题目中的"at school",因此为True.

又如：Which species swims upside down while eating­

该题为简答题,原文中…freshwater dolphins,which often swim on their side or upside down while feeding… 该句中feeding即为题目中的eating,所以可以完全肯定答案为freshwater dolphins.

感情色彩

即判断单词的正面/负面色彩。

如：Australians have been turning to al-ternative therapies in increasing numbersover the past 20 years.

该题为判断题,在原文中可以找到相对应的句子为 Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years.大多数考生普遍不认识disenchantment,但通过该词前缀dis-（否定前缀）,可以推断出其感情色彩应为负面；相对应的是popularity为正面感情色彩,因此可以推断出原文该句理解为"在过去20年澳大利亚‘alternative therapies‘越来越受欢迎,而‘orthodox medicine‘越来越受冷落",所以该题为True.并且,从中可以推测出 alternative therapies与 orthodox medicine为一对相反词,alternative为"选择性",借助整句句义,可以推测出orthodox为"传统性",这对之后其他题型的解题帮助甚大。

又如：In the past,Australians had a high-er opinion of doctors than they do today.

该题同样为判断题,原文相对应句子为The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence. 这句中consequence意为"不好的结果",是负面单词,因此推断出erode也为负面单词,那么这句句义就可以理解为医生的地位现在结果不好。所以,答案为True.

从雅思阅读中词汇的考点分析中可以发现,单词在阅读中的重要性不容忽视。因此,建议大家一定要高度重视词汇量的积累,在强调题量的同时,可以借助分析题目和文章,记录一定的同义词替换；并且在背诵单词时,做一个有心人,了解学习单词的相关构词法（词根、词缀）。只要努力坚持一段时间,学生就会发现自己的词汇量不但上去了,背单词也变得简单了,当然阅读的速度和准确率也相应地得到了提高。