Remarks by the President at 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice

奥巴马总统在朝鲜战争停战60周年纪念仪式上的讲话

National Korean War Veterans Memorial Washington, D.C.

朝鲜战争将士国家纪念碑，华盛顿特区

July 27, 2013

2013年7月27日

Thank you so much. (Applause.) Thank you. Please be seated. Good morning. Annyong haseyo.

非常感谢。（掌声）谢谢各位。请就坐。早上好。Annyong haseyo.（韩语：大家好。）

Secretaries Hagel, Jewell and Shinseki; Admiral Winnefeld; General Jung; all our friends from the Republic of Korea, including the legendary General Paik Sun Yup; distinguished guests; and most of all, veterans of the Korean War and your families. (Applause.) To our veterans -- many in your 80s, a few in your old uniforms -- which still fit -- (laughter) -- let me just say you look outstanding. And I would ask that all United States, Republic of Korea, and other veterans who fought -- I would ask those who can stand to please stand so that we can properly honor you here today. (Applause.)

哈格尔、朱厄尔和新关各位部长，温尼菲尔德海军上将，荣格将军，我们所有大韩民国的朋友们，包括传奇式的白善烨将军，尊敬的各位来宾，尤其是各位朝鲜战争退伍军人和你们的家属。（掌声）对我们的退伍军人——许多人已年逾80，有几位穿着当年的军服——仍然非常合身——（笑声）——我只想说，你们神采过人。我想请所有美国、大韩民国和其他曾经作战的老兵——我想请方便起立的老兵站起来，让我们今天在这里向你们表达诚挚的敬意。（掌声）

July 27th, 1953 -- 60 years ago today. In the village of Panmunjom, in a barren room, the generals picked up their pens and signed their names to the agreement spread before them. That night, as the armistice took hold, the guns of war thundered no more. Along the jagged front, men emerged from their muddy trenches. A Marine raised his bugle and played taps. And a soldier spoke for millions when he said, “Thank God it is over.”

1953年7月27日——60年前的今天。 在板门店村一间空荡荡的屋子里，几位将军拿起钢笔，在他们面前的协议上签下了自己的名字。那一晚，随着停战协定的生效，战争的枪炮停止咆哮。在坑坑洼洼的前线，将士们从泥泞的战壕中走出来。一名海军陆战队员举起小号，吹响了军号。一名士兵说出了数百万将士的心声：“谢天谢地，战争结束了。”

In the days that followed, both sides pulled back, leaving a demilitarized zone between them. Soldiers emptied their sandbags and tore down their bunkers. Our POWs emerged from the camps. Our troops boarded ships and steamed back across the ocean. And describing the moment he passed under the Golden Gate Bridge, one of those soldiers wrote, “We suddenly knew we had survived the war, and we were home.”

在随后的日子里，双方均撤回军队，在中间留出了一个非军事区。军人清空了沙袋，拆除了掩体。我们的战俘走出了战俘营。我们的部队登上舰艇，乘船回到大洋彼岸。一位回家的士兵在描述通过金门大桥下的那一刻时说道：“我们突然明白我们从战争中活过来，我们到家了。”

Yet ask these veterans here today and many will tell you, compared to other wars, theirs was a different kind of homecoming. Unlike the Second World War, Korea did not galvanize our country. These veterans did not return to parades. Unlike Vietnam, Korea did not tear at our country. These veterans did not return to protests. Among many Americans, tired of war, there was, it seemed, a desire to forget, to move on. As one of these veterans recalls, “We just came home and took off our uniforms and went to work. That was about it.”

然而，问问今天在场的这些老兵，他们许多人会告诉你，比起其他战争，他们的返乡别有一番滋味。与第二次世界大战不同，朝鲜之战没有让举国群情振奋。这些老兵返乡时没有庆祝游行。与越南战争不同，朝鲜之战没有撕裂国家。这些老兵返乡时没有抗议活动。许多厌倦了战争的美国人似乎希望忘记过去，让生活重新继续。就像其中一位老兵回忆道：“我们只不过是回到家，脱下军装，去工作。仅此而已。”

You, our veterans of Korea, deserved better. And down the decades, our nation has worked to right that wrong, including here, with this eternal memorial, where the measure of your sacrifice is enshrined for all time. Because here in America, no war should ever be forgotten, and no veteran should ever be overlooked. And after the armistice, a reporter wrote, “When men talk in some distant time with faint remembrance of the Korean War, the shining deeds will live.” The shining deeds will live.

各位朝鲜战争退伍军人，你们本应该受到更好的对待。在而后的几十年里，国家为纠正这一错误付出努力，包括在这里建立永久纪念碑，让你们付出的牺牲和功绩永垂青史。因为在美国，没有任何一场战争应被遗忘，没有任何一位退伍军人应被忽略。停战以后，一位记者写道：“当在遥远的某个时候人们谈到逐渐淡忘的朝鲜战争时，这些光辉事迹将会随之永世长存。”这些光辉事迹将永世长存。

On this 60th anniversary, perhaps the highest tribute we can offer our veterans of Korea is to do what should have been done the day you come home. In our hurried lives, let us pause. Let us listen. Let these veterans carry us back to the days of their youth, and let us be awed by their shining deeds.

在停战60周年之际，也许我们能向朝鲜战争退伍军人们表达的最高敬意，就是做我们在各位回国时本应做的事情。让在我们匆忙的生活中驻足。让我们倾听。让这些老兵带我们回到他们的年轻时代，让我们怀着敬意感受他们的光辉事迹。

Listen closely and hear the story of a generation -- veterans of World War II recalled to duty. Husbands kissing their wives goodbye yet again. Young men -- some just boys, 18, 19, 20 years old -- leaving behind everyone they loved “to defend a country they never knew and a people they never met.” Let’s never forget all the daughters who left home, especially our heroic nurses who saved so many. Our women in Korea also served with honor. They also gave their lives. (Applause.)

让我们仔细倾听，听到一代人的经历——第二次世界大战的退伍军人响应召唤，重奔前线。丈夫又一次吻别妻子。年轻男儿——有些还只是18、19、20岁的男孩子——离开他们所有心爱的人，“去保卫一个他们不曾知道的国家和那里素未谋面的人”。我们永远不要忘记所有离开家乡的女儿们，尤其是挽救了许多人生命的英雄护士。我们参加朝鲜战争的女儿们同样光荣服役。她们也献出了生命。（掌声）

Listen, and hear how these Americans faced down their fears and did their duty. Clutching their rifles; hearing the bugles in the distance; knowing that waves of enemy fighters would soon be upon them. In ships offshore, climbing down the ropes into the landing craft, knowing some of them would not leave that beach. On the tarmacs and flight decks, taking off in their Corsairs and Sabres, knowing that they might not return to this earth.

让我们倾听，听到这些美国儿女如何压下自己的恐惧，履行自己的职责。他们紧握步枪；聆听远方的号角，知道一波又一波敌军将很快逼近。他们在近海舰艇上，沿绳索下滑攀上登陆艇，深知他们当中的一些人将永远不会从那片海滩上返回。他们在机场跑道和飞行甲板上，驾着海盗战机和军刀战机腾空，深知自己也许再也不会返回大地。

Listen, and hear of their gallantry -- often outnumbered and outgunned -- in some of the most brutal combat in modern history. How they held the line at the Pusan Perimeter. How they landed at Inchon and turned the tide of the war. How, surrounded and freezing, they battled their way out of Chosin Reservoir. And how they fought -- foxhole by foxhole, mountain after mountain, day and night -- at the Punchbowl and Heartbreak Ridge, Old Baldy and Pork Chop Hill.

让我们倾听，听到他们在现代历史上一些最残酷——常常敌众我寡、敌强我弱——的战斗中的英勇事迹。他们如何在釜山环形防御圈死守战线；他们如何登陆仁川，扭转战局；他们如何在四面受敌和冰天雪地中实现长津湖大突围；以及他们如何在山圆凹地、伤心岭、老秃子顶和猪排山一个个掩体、一道道山梁夜以继日浴血奋战。

Listen, and hear how perhaps the only thing worse than the enemy was the weather. The searing heat, the choking dust of summer. The deep snow and bitter cold of winter -- so cold their weapons could jam; so cold their food would turn to ice. And surely no one endured more than our POWs in those hellish camps, where the torment was unimaginable. Our POWs from Korea are some of the strongest men our nation has ever produced, and today we honor them all -- those who never came home and those who are here today. (Applause.)

让我们倾听，听到也许为何唯一比敌军更恶劣的是天气。夏天的灼热和令人窒息的尘烟。冬天的深厚积雪和刺骨严寒——冻得他们的武器可能卡住；冻得他们的食物会变成冰块。而且肯定没有谁比关在地狱般的战俘营中的战俘忍受更多的煎熬，经受无法想象的折磨。我们在朝鲜战争中的被俘军人是我们国家曾经培养出的最坚强的战士，今天，我们向他们所有人致敬——向那些未能返回故土的将士和今天在场的各位致敬。（掌声）

Listen to these veterans and you’ll also hear of the resilience of the human spirit. There was compassion -- starving prisoners who shared their food. There was love -- men who charged machine guns, and reached for grenades, so their brothers might live. There was the dark humor of war -- as when someone misunderstood the code name for mortar rounds -- “Tootsie Rolls” -- and then shipped our troops thousands of Tootsie Rolls -- candies.

让我们倾听这些老兵，你还将听到人类精神的坚韧不屈。有慈悲——饥饿的战俘分享他们的食物。有仁爱——为把生还的机会留给兄弟战友而冲向机关枪，拾起手榴弹。有战争的黑色幽默——比如有人误解了迫击炮弹的代号——“杜丝卷糖”——而给我们的部队送去了成千上万颗杜丝卷糖——真的糖果。

And there was hope -- as told in a letter home written by a soldier in the 7th Cavalry. Marching through the snow and ice, something caught his eye -- a young lieutenant up ahead, and from the muzzle of his rifle hung a pair of tiny baby booties, “swinging silently in the wind…like tiny bells.” They were sent by the lieutenant’s wife, pregnant with their first child, and she promised to send ribbons -- blue if a boy, pink if a girl. But as the war ground on, those soldiers were scattered. Until one day, on a Korean road, he spotted the lieutenant again. “Swinging gaily in the first rays of the morning sun,” the soldier wrote, were those booties, “and fluttering below them was the brightest, bluest piece of ribbon I have ever seen.”

还有希望——就像第7骑兵团的一名士兵在家信中写道的那样。在冰天雪地中行军，一个什么东西引起了他的注意——是前面一名年轻的中尉，他的步枪口上挂着一双小宝宝的童鞋，“静静地在风中摇曳……好像小铃铛一般”。那是中尉的妻子寄来的，她怀上了他们的第一个宝宝，她保证将送丝带给他——是男孩就送蓝色丝带，女孩就送粉色丝带。但是随着战斗的艰难进行，那些士兵转战分散各方。直到有一天，在韩国的一条路上，他又发现了那名中尉。这位士兵写道，那双童鞋“欢快地在清晨第一缕阳光中摇曳，童鞋下面飞舞的是我曾经见过的最耀眼、最蓝的一条丝带”。

Six decades on, these moments may seem like faint remembrances of a distant time. But for you -- our Korea veterans and your families -- I know it must feel sometimes just like just yesterday. And on days such as this, you’re back there once more. For Korea was the fire that helped to forge you.

60年过去了，这些时刻似乎是对一个久远年代的依稀记忆。但是对于你们——各位朝鲜战争退伍军人和你们的家人而言——我知道那感觉肯定恍如昨日。而且在像今天这样的日子，你们又一次被带回到那里。因为你们经历过朝鲜战火的洗礼。

As we listen to the story of your service, I say let us also learn, because your lives hold lessons for us today. Korea taught us the perils when we fail to prepare. After the Second World War, a rapid drawdown left our troops underequipped, so that in the early days of Korea, their rockets literally bounced off enemy tanks. Today, as we end a decade of war and reorient our forces for the future, as we make hard choices at home, our allies and adversaries must know the United States of America will maintain the strongest military the world has ever known, bar none, always. That is what we do. (Applause.)

当我们聆听你们的从军往事时，我说我们还应当向你们学习，因为你们的人生对我们今天很有教益。朝鲜战争让我们明白不做好准备的危险。在第二次世界大战结束后，迅速削减军备导致我们的军队装备不足，以致在朝鲜战争初期，我军的火箭弹打到敌人的坦克上却被弹开。今天，当我们结束10年的战事并面向未来重新调整我们的军力之际，当我们在国内作出艰难抉择之际，我们的盟友和对手都必须明白，美利坚合众国将始终保有一支全世界最强大的、无可匹敌的军队。这是我们的使命。（掌声）

Korea taught us that, as a people, we are stronger when we stand as one. On President Truman’s orders, our troops served together in integrated units. And the heroism of African Americans in Korea -- and Latinos and Asian Americans and Native Americans -- advanced the idea: If these Americans could live and work together over there, surely we could do the same thing here at home. (Applause.)

朝鲜战争让我们懂得，作为一国人民，当我们团结一心时，我们会更加强大。根据杜鲁门总统（President Truman）的命令，我国军人在种族融合的部队中并肩战斗。非裔美国人——还有拉美裔和亚裔美国人及美国原住民——在朝鲜战争中的英勇事迹也推进了这一理念：如果这些美国人可以在那里一起生活和战斗，那么我们在国内肯定也能做到。（掌声）

Change came slowly. And we continue our long journey toward a more perfect union. But for the great strides we have made toward the ideals of equality and opportunity, we must give thanks to our Korean War veterans who helped point the way.

变革来之缓慢。我们继续长途跋涉，走向更完善的联邦。但我们必须把为实现平等和机会的理念而已经取得的巨大进步归功于帮助指明了这条道路的朝鲜战争老兵。

Korea reminds us that when we send our troops into battle, they deserve the support and gratitude of the American people -- especially when they come home. Today, let us remember that -- right now -- our sons and daughters continue to risk their lives, give their lives, in Afghanistan. And as this war ends and we welcome them home, we will make it our mission to give them the respect and the care and the opportunities that they have earned. (Applause.)

朝鲜战争提醒我们，当我们派部队走上战场时，他们应该得到美国人民的支持和感谢——特别是在他们回国之后。今天，我们要记住——就在此时此刻——我们的儿女们还在阿富汗冒着生命危险并且不惜牺牲生命。在这场战争结束、我们欢迎他们回国之时，我们将把给予他们应得的尊重、关怀和机会作为自己的使命。（掌声）

And Korea reminds us that our obligations to our fallen and their families endure long after the battle ends. To this day, 7,910 Americans are still missing from the Korean War. And we will not stop working until we give these families a full accounting of their loved ones. (Applause.) Like Sergeant First Class William Robinson -- 26 years old -- missing for 63 years. This week, in Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, the Robinsons will welcome their uncle home and finally lay him to rest -- with full military honors. (Applause.)

朝鲜战争提醒我们，我们应在战争结束之后继续长期履行对阵亡将士及其家属的义务。直至今日，在朝鲜战争中失踪的美国人还有7910名。我们不会停止寻找，直到我们能向这些家庭完整地交代他们亲人的下落。（掌声）例如陆军上士威廉·罗宾逊——26岁——已经失踪63年。本周，罗宾逊全家将在宾夕法尼亚州印第安镇口迎接他们叔叔的遗体回家，然后为他举行全套军葬仪式——让他最终得到安息。（掌声）

Freedom is not free. And in Korea, no one paid a heavier price than those who gave all -- 36,574 American patriots, and, among our allies, more than one million of our South Korean friends -- soldiers and civilians. That July day, when the fighting finally ended, not far from where it began, some suggested this sacrifice had been for naught, and they summed it up with a phrase -- “die for a tie.”

自由是有代价的。在朝鲜战争中失去生命的人们付出了最为高昂的代价——36574名美国爱国将士，以及在我们的盟友中，友邦韩国有超过100万人丧生——其中包括军人和平民。7月的那一天，当战争终于结束，就在距离战争爆发之处不远的地方，有人却说这样的牺牲毫无价值，他们用一句话将其归结为——“为平局而死”。

It took many decades for this memorial to gain its rightful place on this great Mall where we tell our American story. It has, perhaps, taken even longer to see clearly, and understand fully, the true legacy of your service. But here, today, we can say with confidence that war was no tie. Korea was a victory. When 50 million South Koreans live in freedom -- a vibrant democracy, one of the world’s most dynamic economies, in stark contrast to the repression and poverty of the North -- that’s a victory; that’s your legacy. (Applause.)

直到几十年后，这座纪念碑才在伟大的国家广场占据了它应有的一席之地，让我们能够讲述美国的这段历程。也许，要花更长的时间才能让人们认清并充分理解你们为国服役的真正功绩。但是今天，在这里，我们可以肯定地说，那场战争并非平局。朝鲜战争是一场胜利。当5千万韩国人民生活在自由之中——生活在一个生机勃勃的民主国度，生活在世界上最有活力的经济体之一，与北韩的压迫和贫穷形成鲜明的对比时——那就是胜利，那就是你们的功绩。（掌声）

When our soldiers stand firm along the DMZ; when our South Korean friends can go about their lives, knowing that the commitment of the United States to the security of the Republic of Korea will never waver -- that is a victory, and that is your legacy.

当我们的军人坚守在非军事区（DMZ）时，当我们的韩国朋友能过正常生活并知道美国对保护韩国安全的承诺永不动摇时——那就是胜利，那就是你们的功绩。

When our allies across the Asia Pacific know -- as we have proven in Korea for 60 straight years -- that the United States will remain a force for peace and security and prosperity --that’s a victory; that’s your legacy.

当我们在整个亚太地区的盟友都知道——正如我们连续60年来已在韩国证明的——美国将一直是一支促进和平、安全与繁荣的力量时——那就是胜利，那就是你们的功绩。

And for generations to come, when history recalls how free nations banded together in a long Cold War, and how we won that war, let it be said that Korea was the first battle -- where freedom held its ground and free peoples refused to yield, that, too, is your victory, your legacy.

对于子孙后代，当历史回顾起自由国度怎样在漫长的冷战中联合起来以及我们怎样赢得冷战的胜利时，我们要说朝鲜战争是第一场战斗——自由在这里站稳了脚跟而且自由的人民绝不会屈服，而这也是你们的胜利、是你们的功绩。

Most of all, your legacy burns brightest right here, in a grateful nation that reveres you; in the loving families that cherish you -- like that young soldier with those baby booties swinging from his rifle. Ever since the war, the story of that soldier has been passed among our Korean War vets. Some of you may have heard it before. And many may have wondered what became of that soldier. Today, six decades later, we now know -- because we found him. His was Richard Shank, from St. Louis, Missouri. For his valor in Korea he earned the Silver Star. Yes, Dick survived the war. He returned home. He held his baby boy in his arms. He was able to be a father to his son.

最重要的是，你们的功绩就在这里放出了最耀眼的光芒：在这个敬仰你们的充满感恩的国度，在这些爱戴你们的充满亲情的家中——就像那名步枪口挂着一双摇摆的童鞋的年轻士兵。自朝鲜战争以来，那名士兵的故事就在朝鲜战争退伍军人中流传开来。你们有些人此前可能已经听说过。而且许多人可能会思忖，不知那名士兵后来怎样。在60年后的今天，我们终于知道了——因为我们找到了他。他是来自密苏里州圣路易斯的理查德·尚克。他因在朝鲜战争中的英勇表现而获得银星勋章。是的，迪克从战争中生还。他回到了故乡。他将自己的宝贝儿子抱在怀中，能够对儿子履行了做父亲的义务。

But this story doesn’t end there -- because like so many of you, Dick continued to serve in uniform. His son grew into a man, got married, had children of his own. Those children are now adults themselves, scattered across the country. And like so many American families, they still speak with pride of their grandfather’s service in Korea.

但这个故事并没有就此结束——因为像你们许多人一样，迪克曾继续在军中服役。他的儿子已经长大成人，结了婚并有了自己的孩子。那些孩子现在也已经长大，生活在全国各地。就像许多美国家庭一样，他们仍然自豪地讲述着他们的祖父在朝鲜战争中的事迹。

Today, Dick Shank lives in Gainesville, Florida, and I believe he’s watching us this morning. He’s 84 years old, recovering from a recent fall while roller skating. (Laughter.) “Life is short,” he says, “and I just keep on living it.” And one of the ways he keeps living it is by meeting up every year with his buddies from Korea, and recalling the time they shared together in that fight which ended 60 years ago today.

现在，迪克·尚克住在佛罗里达州盖恩斯维尔市，我相信今天上午他正从电视上看着我们。他现年84岁，最近因滑旱冰摔倒（笑声），正在康复中。他说：“生命短暂，我就是继续不断地向前走。”他继续生活的方式之一就是每年与他在朝鲜战争中的战友们聚会，回忆他们在60年前的今天结束的这场战争中并肩战斗的日子。

Veterans of the Korean War -- in the spring of your youth you learned how short and precious life can be. And because of you, millions of people can keep on living it, in freedom and in peace. Your lives are an inspiration. Your service will never be forgotten. You have the thanks of a grateful nation. And your shining deeds will live -- now and forever.

朝鲜战争的退伍军人们——你们在风华正茂的年轻时代懂得了生命的短暂和珍贵。由于你们，千百万人能够继续生活，自由而和平地生活。你们的人生鼓舞人心。你们的功绩永远不会被遗忘。这个充满感恩之情的国家感谢你们。你们的光辉业绩必将永存。

May God bless those who gave all in Korea. May God bless you and your families. May God bless the alliances that helped secure our prosperity and our security. And may God continue to bless these United States of America. Thank you very much. (Applause.)

愿上帝保佑在朝鲜战争中献出一切的人们。愿上帝保佑你们和你们的家人。愿上帝保佑帮助捍卫了我们的繁荣和安全的同盟。愿上帝继续保佑美利坚合众国。非常感谢大家。（掌声）

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