现代化论坛宣言：首届世界现代化论坛的综合公告

Modernization Announcement

—The Concluding Announcement of the First International Modernization Forum

首届世界现代化论坛：现代化与全球变化，于2013年8月8日至9日在北京举行。论坛学术委员会成员来自12个国家，包括捷克共和国、芬兰、德国、意大利、韩国、荷兰、中国、波兰、罗马尼亚、俄罗斯、英国和美国。参加论坛的学者，围绕会议主题进行了深入讨论，形成了若干共识。

The 1st International Modernization Forum: ‘Modernization and Global Change’, was held in Beijing on 8 and 9 August 2013. Members of the scientific advisory committee of the forum come from 12 countries including the Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Italy, Korea Republic, the Netherlands, P. R. China, Poland, Romania, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States. The participants of the forum have held extensive discussions and reached some consensus.

1、现代化是18世纪以来人类文明的一种深刻变化；它既包括政治、经济、社会、文化各个领域从传统向现代的巨大转变，目前也包括人的全面发展和自然环境的合理保护。现代化是一个世界现象和国际潮流，它发源于先行国家，然后发生在全世界，但在社区层次有一些例外。

1. Modernization has been a profound change of human civilizations since the 18th century. It includes not only the great change and transformation from traditional to modern politics, economy, society and culture, but also all human development and the rational protection of the natural environment at present. Modernization has been a worldwide phenomenon making a global trend, which takes place both in the pioneering-countries and subsequently on a global scale with the exceptions of some communities.

2、在18至21世纪期间，世界现代化进程大致分为两大阶段。其中，第一次现代化包括从农业经济向工业经济、农业社会向工业社会的转变；第二次现代化包括从工业经济向知识经济、工业社会向知识社会的转变等。第一次现代化通常被称为经典现代化；第二次现代化则是一种新型现代化，有些学者称其为后现代化、继续现代化或再现代化等。

2. The process of world modernization in the period from the 18th century to the 21st century can be divided into two stages generally. The first stage of modernization includes the transformation from agricultural to industrial economy and society, and the second stage of modernization includes the transformation from industrial to knowledge-based economy and society etc. So far the first stage has been regarded as the classical modernization usually, and the second stage is the new one with some alternative interpretations such as post, continual or reflexive modernization and so on.

3、在世界现代化过程中，根据《联合国宪章》序言和第一章所倡导的原则，所有国家，不分大小，不分贫富，一律平等和自治，一律享有追求和平、安全、发展和幸福的权利，享有自主选择发展道路和发展模式的权利；与此同时，这种权利的实现，不应建立在牺牲他国权利和破坏生态系统的基础之上。

3. According to the principles advocated by the preamble and Chapter I of the Charter of the United Nations, all nations participated in the process of world modernization, whether large or small, whether rich or poor, are equal and self-governing. And every nation has the right to pursue peace, security, development and happiness, and to make independent decision about the model and route for their development; and at the same time, the realization of this right could not be based on the sacrifice of the right of others and the destruction of ecological systems.

4、在世界现代化过程中，根据国家的人均收入、人文发展和现代化水平，所有国家可以分为两组：发达国家和发展中国家；与此同时，有些国家在不同方面同时具有一些发达的和欠发达的特征，文化多样性永久和普遍地存在。在几十年里，发达国家有可能下降为发展中国家，发展中国家有可能上升为发达国家，这种转变有一定规律性。

4. Depending on their level of per capita income, human development and national modernization, all countries engaged in the process of world modernization can be generally categorized as either advanced or developing; and in the meantime, some countries have the features of both developed and developing in different aspects, cultural diversity exists across space and time. There are some possibilities for the two kinds of countries to change their status in this regard in some decades.

5、现代化研究是一门交叉科学，可以促进人们对现代化现象的认识，回答人们关心的问题，例如：什么是现代化？什么是现代性？哪些国家是现代化国家？发达国家如何保持发达水平？发展中国家如何成为发达国家？

5. Modernization study is an interdisciplinary science, and seeks to promote people’s understanding of modernization phenomenon, and responds to some common issues: What is modernization? What is modernity? Which is the modernized country? How do developed countries keep their advanced status? And how do developing countries go upward into the club of developed countries?

6、现代化研究已有60多年历史，产生了许多理论，例如，经典现代化理论、后现代化理论、生态现代化理论、反思性现代化理论、多元现代性理论和第二次现代化理论等。它们从不同角度阐述了世界现代化的特征和原理。

6. There are more than 60 years’ history and many schools of modernization research, such as classical modernization theory, post-modernization theory, ecological modernization theory, reflexive modernization theory, multiple modernities theory, second modernization theory and so on. They explain the characteristics and principles of world modernization from different perspectives.

7、现代化既是一个过程，又是一种状态。从政策角度看，它既是不同国家现代化的世界先进水平，又是追赶或保持这种先进水平的过程，同时文化具有多元性。目前世界各国都在自觉或不自觉地经历某种现代化过程，如果愿意都可以把现代化作为一个国家目标。

7. Modernization is not only a process, but also a situation. It includes both the advanced level of modernization of different nations in the world, and the process to catch-up or keep this advanced level with the cultural pluralism from a policy perspective. Almost all nations in the world are undergoing some kind of modernization consciously or unconsciously at the moment, and the modernization drive can also be set as a national goal if they will.

8、当今世界，现代化的驱动力，不再只是物质生产，而且包括人类对美好生活的不懈追求，包括人类的创造性、技术创新和制度创新等。这种创造性和创新，由教育和科学所激发。文化多样性是创造、创新和发展的源泉之一；公民个人、公民社会、企业组织和政府部门都可以在其中发挥作用。

8. The driving force of modernization in our epoch is no longer merely material production, but the pursuit of the higher quality of life, human creativeness, technological and system innovation inspired by education and science etc. Meanwhile cultural diversity has been considered as one of the wellsprings of creativity, innovation and development; and citizens, civil society, business community and government are the partners in this drive.

9、为促进现代化研究和现代化进程，需要成立世界现代化学会（IMA），定期举办世界现代化论坛（IMF），建立开放获取的现代化科学刊物（JMS）。

9. To promote the study of modernization and the modernization process, the need has arisen for founding the International Modernization Association (IMA), to organise regularly the International Modernization Forum (IMF), and to create the open-access Journal of Modernization Science (JMS).

阿尔伯特?马蒂内利 何传启

Alberto Martinelli Chuanqi He

首届世界现代化论坛学术委员会联合主席

Co-Chairmen of Scientific Advisory Committee of the 1st International Modernization Forum

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