节目寄语:
我们在学习和生活中都免不了有错误,有错误并不可怕,可怕的是知错不改。错误日渐堆积,到时候是“亡羊补牢,为时已晚”。因此,我们的说法话茬节目在每一天为您准备一个很简单的句子,以语法规则来判断这个句子的表达是否正确,帮助您及时地“亡羊补牢,为时不晚”。
我们今天来分下面这个含有定语从句的复合句:
This is the third time in which he has been late this week.
这句话的意思是:这是他本周第三次迟到了。
主句是:this is the third time,从句是由in which引导出来的he has been late this week。它修饰先行词是the third time。先行词指代时间,在定语从句中做时间状语。句中是用“介词+which”这样的形式来引导,这也正是这个句子的错误所在。
我们现在把先行词放于定语从句中:He has been late the third time this week. 这个空格处应该是什么介词呢?表示迟到到达第几次,用的是介词for,即:for the first time。因此,定语从句的引导词就应该是for which,而不是in which。因此,我们今天分析的病句的正确表述为:This is the third time for which he has been late this week.
同上次学习中一样,in which可以用that来替代,所以这个句子还可以这样说:This is the third time that he has been late this week.
进而,我们还可以把in which和that都省略掉,可以这样说:This is the third time he has been late this week.