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SAT语法:态度单词例题解析(1)

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  1.felicitous:指话语,行为得体的,合适的,比如a felicitous writer为一位善于措辞的作家。Felicitous translation是指终于原文的合适的翻译。

  2.judicious:词根jud表示判断,聪明的意思,比如judge,所以judicious表示有判断力的,marked by the exercise of good judgment or common sense in practical matters.

  Wemmick, the soul of kindness in private, is obliged in_____ to be uncompassionate and even____ on behalf of his employer, the harsh lawyer Jaggers.

  (A) conclusion, careless

  (B) principle, contradictory

  (C) theory, esoteric

  (D) court, judicious

  (E) public, ruthless

  这道题会有很多同学选D,显然是还没有熟悉填空题做题的真谛!选D就句子意思上来说通,但是作为填空题,逻辑不通,不然kindness in private,uncompassionate,even不都是没用了吗?所以学好词汇是前提,同时对填空题,阅读题,要熟悉考点,这个在以后填空阅读课上会仔细的讲。

  3. lenient: not strict 仁慈的

  Paradoxically, Helen, who had been a strict mother to her children, proved__ mistress to her cats.

  (A) a harsh

  (B) an indolent

  (C) an ambivalent

  (D) a cautious

  (E) a lenient

  4. magnanimous: 这个单词的词根构成非常重要,magn(大,宽广)+anim(生命,精神),慷慨的,magnify(扩大),magnate(巨头),magniloquent(夸张,loqu,说),magnitude(重要性,星球的光亮度);animation, animated, animal, unanimous(uni一+anim精神,心一致,全体一致的),pusillanimous(pusill,怕死哦+anim精神)胆小懦弱的;另外从辞源学上来说animus ,animosity都表示敌意的意思,后来怕和其他anim词根单词意思相混淆,所以才开发了enemy(即把a,i都换成e)以及enmity,也即 animus,animosity,enemy,enmity都是“敌意的”意思。

  (1)Because the congresswoman has been so openhanded with many of her constituents, it is difficult to reconcile this___ with her private___.

  (A) selfishness, inattention

  (B) insolence, virtue

  (C) magnanimity, pettiness

  (D) opportunism, ambition

  (E) solicitousness, generosity

  magnanimous/openhanded <> petty/miserly

  (2)Since the mid-eighteenth century, there has been much__ between the cultures of France and Germany despite the frequent___ between those two countries.

  (A) communication, alliances

  (B) hatred, opposition

  (C) interaction, enmity

  (D) antagonism, misunderstandings

  (E) hostility, alienation

  5. reverent: 虔诚的,尊敬的,来自于revere 尊敬,我们先记一个词根,有一本很古老的拉丁文书《Vere a? Fantazie》(《真实还是幻想?》)这里vere(或ver)是“真实的”意思,因为真实的都是要受到认真对待的,所以后来又引申为“尊重”的意思,比如说

  (1)revere(re一再+vere尊重)尊重,而且程度要比respect要高,从辞源学上来说,respect(re+spect看)只是表示很尊重,所以很笼统,而revere是理解对方之后发自内心的那种尊重;(2)severe严厉的,严重的,severe(se分开,不再+vere 尊重,和其他人之间不再又尊重,所以对你就比较严厉了),severe(se分开+vere事实,偏离了真实,那么后果当然是非常严重的)。

  Eg:Don't be so severe to her---she couldn't help it.(严厉的)

  The bad harvest led to severe food shortage. (严重的)

  The columnist almost___ when he mentioned his friends, but he unpleasant and even___ when he discussed people who irritated him.

  A. recalcitrant, laconic

  B. reverential, acrimonious

  C. sensitive, remorseful

  D. insipid, militant

  E. benevolent, stoical

  如果忘记acrimonious是什么意思的同学,应该好好把前面几讲的内容复习一下了。

  6. solicitous: ,我们先讲一下汉字“殷”,说文解字里说:“殷”,左是士兵的各种兵器,右是女人的各种装束,我们可以从上面殷的甲骨文里可以基本上看出来。关于“殷”,在汉语里基本上就这三个词组:殷切(eager,anxious,ardent),殷实(abundant,prosperous,flourish),殷勤(showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others::solicitous,industrious, complaisant).注意,solicitous除了有殷勤的意思(solicitous teachers, solicitous waiters)之外还有“热切希望”的意思

  7. unanimous:一致的 表示一致的compatible,harmony,rapport

  8. abhorrent:来自于词根hor,表示可怕,horrible可怕的

  9. demanding:requiring more than usually expected or thought due,especially great patience and effort and skill 在技术,耐性等方面要求要比平常要高 (要求苛刻的)

  Although the rigors of ballet dancing are primarily-------, this art is also emotionally and spiritually -------.

  (A) illusory . . taxing

  (B) exaggerated . . balanced

  (C) physical . . demanding

  (D) appealing . . indulgent

  (E) strenuous . . dubious

  这里这个情景很对应demanding的意思。



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