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Today in History: Friday, April 12, 2013
历史上的今天：2013年4月12日，星期五
On April 12, 1861, the Civil War began as Confederate forces fired on Fort Sumter in South Carolina.
1861年4月12日，南方联盟军队在南卡罗来纳州向萨姆特堡开火，美国内战爆发。
1606England's King James I decreed the design of the original Union Flag, which combined the flags of England and Scotland.
1606年，英国国王詹姆斯一世下令设计最原始的英国国旗，它结合了英格兰和苏格兰的国旗。
1877The catcher for Harvard's baseball team, James Tyng, wore a modified fencing mask behind the plate. It is believed to be the first time a catcher's mask was used during a game.
1877年，哈佛棒球队的接球手杰姆斯廷在投手板后穿了一件修改了的击剑护面具，这被认为是在这个游戏中首次使用接球手护面具。
1945President Franklin D. Roosevelt died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Warm Springs, Ga., at age 63.
1945年，美国总统富兰克林·罗斯福在佐治亚州温泉镇因脑出血去世，享年63岁。
1961Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to fly in space, orbiting the Earth once before making a safe landing.
1961年，苏联宇航员尤里加·加林在安全着陆前绕地球飞行一圈，成为第一位在太空中飞行的人。
1981The space shuttle Columbia blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on its first test flight.
1981年，哥伦比亚号航天飞机从佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角发射升空，进行了首次试飞。
1983Harold Washington was elected Chicago's first African-American mayor.
1983年，哈罗德·华盛顿当选芝加哥第一位非洲裔市长。
2002Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez resigned under pressure from the country's divided military. (He was returned to office two days later.)
2002年，委内瑞拉总统乌戈·查韦斯迫于军事分歧的压力辞职。(两天后重新上任。)
2009American cargo ship captain Richard Phillips was rescued from Somali pirates by U.S. Navy snipers who shot and killed three of the hostage-takers.
2009年，美国海军狙击手开枪打死了三个绑匪，货船船长理查德·菲利普斯从索马里海盗手中获救。
2013Japan ranked its nuclear crisis at the highest possible severity on an international scale – the same level as the 1986 Chernobyl disaster – even as it insisted radiation leaks were declining at its tsunami-crippled nuclear plant.
2013年，日本将核危机的等级调为国际最高水平，同等于1986年切尔诺贝利灾难——尽管日本坚称受海啸破坏的核电站辐射泄漏正在减少。
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