042.
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and settled in New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle nineteenth century. After writing many letters seeking admission to medicial schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. So determined was she that she taught at school and gave music lessons to earn money for her study. In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye illness forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1957 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another female doctor managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first female doctor and founding her own hospital, she also set up the first medical school for women.

答案解析：
(1) 正确答案为B。根据she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.最终她在费城得以学习医学。可知，伊丽莎白是在费城上的医学院，因此B项正确。
(2) 正确答案为A。根据She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye illness forced her to give up the idea. 她想成为一名外科医生，但是严重的眼疾迫使她放弃了这个想法。可知，迫使伊丽莎白放弃成为外科医生的是眼疾，因此A项正确。
(3) 正确答案为C。根据she also set up the first medical school for women.她建立了首家女子医学院。因此可知，伊丽莎白的贡献是她建立了首家女子医学院，因此C项正确。