bleak
adj.寒冷的；荒凉的
The weather in early December was bleak and unpleasant.
十二月初的天气是寒冷且令人不快的。
castigate
v.惩治；苛评；谴责
The electric inspector was castigated for having failed to check the wire as he was supposed to.
电工因没有把他份内的电线检查好而被谴责。
enmity
n.敌意；不和
We should overcome the worst that the tyrant's enmity can do.
我们应该克服那暴君的仇恨所能到的最坏程度。
impartial
adj.公平的
In any case, parents should be impartial to their every child.
无论如何，父母应对他们的每个孩子不偏不倚。
lucid
adj.1.明白的；清晰的 2.神志清明的
The teacher asked me to give a lucid explanation of my being late for class.
老师要求我对上课迟到给出清晰的解释。
The old man is confused most of the time but he does have lucid moments.
那老人大部分的时间头脑不清醒，但也有神志清明的时候。
perpendicular
adj.垂直的
A square has four 90-degree angles made by its four perpendicular sides.
正方形的四个直角是由它四条垂直的边所作成的。
retrospect
n.反顾；回顾、
In retrospect, many good opportunities were neglected in my life.
回想起来，我一生中坐失了很多好机会。
sagacity
n.睿智；明敏
The politician showed a good sagacity in avoiding the mistakes he'd made in the previous campaign.
那位政治家精明的避免了发生和前次选举同样的错误。
urbane
adj.温文的；文雅的
Urbane speech is educated speech, as distinguished from the speech of the ignorant.
温文的言语是受过教育的言辞，和无知者的言论有所区别。
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ardent
adj.极热心的，热情的
After reading about the lives of several great Americans, John became an ardent student of American history.
读了有关几个美国伟人的生平事绩之后，约翰成为一个对美国历史很热心的学生。
derogatory
adj.损毁的；诽谤的
I can't bear his derogatory remarks about my brother's character.
我无法忍受他对我弟弟个性的诽谤之言。
discretion
n.1.谨慎；明辨 2.自由选择或决定
I won't tell you that time to leave; you're old enough to use your own discretion.
我不告诉你什么时候离开；你已到了用自己的判断力的年龄了。
The house of the meetings will be fixed at the chairman's discretion.
会议厅将以主席的选择而定。
hilarious
adj.高兴的；热闹的
The party got quite hilarious after they brought more wine.
他们带来更多的酒之后，派对变得相当热闹。
paramount
adj.最重要的；至上的
It is a paramount responsibility of every officer to take care of his men before caring for himself.
每一军官的最高职责是在照顾自己之前先照料好他的弟兄。
recede
v.后退
House and trees seem to recede as we ride past in a trian.
当我们乘火车经过时，房屋和树木似乎向后退。
rife
adj.充斥的
The whole city was rife with rumors of political corruption and bribery.
全城充斥着政治腐败和贿赂的谣言。
spontaneous
adj.自然的；自发的
Both sides burst into spontaneous cheers at the magician's skillful tricks.
两方对魔术师熟练的技艺不自主地发出赞叹声。
tenuous
adj.细的；薄的
The air ten miles above the earth is very tenuous.
地面上十英里处的气体是非常稀薄的。
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acme
n.顶点，极点
A baseball player usually reaches the acme of his skill before he is thirty.
一个棒球员通常在他三十岁之前，到达球技高峰。
candor
n.坦白，诚意
He spared no one's feelings and expressed is views with great candor.
他在不伤害他人的感情下，把自己的意见表示得很坦白。
dissuade
v.劝阻
The father finally dissuaded his son from leaving school.
那父亲终于说动了他的儿子不辍学。
gratuitous
adj.不需要的
Her advice was quite gratuitous; I can think for myself.
她的忠告相当不需要；我会为自己着想。
impeach
v.检举；弹劾
The House of Representatives has the sole power to impeach an officer of the United States Government.
美国众议院有特权弹劾美国政府的官员。
ostensible
adj.表面的；假装的
He ostensible purpose was to borrow some sugar, but she really wanted to see her neighbor's new furniture.
她表面上目的是来借糖，但她真正的目的是来看看她邻居的新家具。
paltry
adj.无价值 的；微不足道的
The poor painter sold his paintings for a paltry sum of money.
那位穷画家以微不足道的数目卖了他的画。
sordid
adj.污秽的；不洁的
The poor family lived in a sordid log cabin in the valley.
这个穷人家住在山谷中一污秽的小木屋内。
tidy
adj.整洁的，整齐的
She makes it a rule to keep her room neat and tidy after coming back from school.
放学后，她习惯保持房间的整齐和清洁。
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aloof
adv.远离；躲开
One tall boy stood aloof from all the small children.
一个高的男孩站得远远地，离开所有矮的孩子。
cardinal
adj.首要的，主要的
Regular meals and exercise are of cardinal importance to our health.
规律的饮食和运动对我们的健康是最首要的。
drab
adj.1.暗黄色；土褐色 2.单调的；枯涩的
There are many drab houses in the smoky mining town.
冒烟的矿城内有许多土褐色的房子。
The life of a person who never does anything is dull and drab.
一个从未做过任何事的人的生活是索然无味的。
feud
n.家族的累世宿仇
The two families had been at feud with each other for three generations.
这两家已有三代的冤仇了。
insolent
adj.粗野的；地礼的
His insolent speech and behavior upset everyone in the room.
他粗野的言论和行为使房间内的每个人烦恼。
mitigate
v.使缓的；使减轻的
The judge said that nothing could mitigate the cruelty with which the man bad treated the child.
法官说没有任何事能减轻那人对小孩的残暴行为。
pertinent
adj.中肯切题的
A summary of the events leading up to this situation would be pertinent information.
把造成这情况的先前事件作一简略说明，才是适当的资料。
predecessor
n.某职位的前任
His predecessor quit because he was not in the least interested in this kind of job.
他的前任因对这种工作一点也没兴趣；所以离职了。
tardy
adj.延迟的
Let me apologize for my being tardy in answering your letter.
让我为我的迟迟回信道歉。
whet
v.刺激
You'd think she would never climb again, after falling down the mountain , but it just whetted her appetite.
你也许会想起她从山上摔下来后不会再爬山，但那正好磨出了她的胃口。
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acquit
v.宣告无罪
The man accused of stealing the money was acquitted for lack of witnesses.
那人以偷钱被起诉，但因缺乏目击者被宣告无罪。
brittle
adj.脆的；易碎的
Be careful not to break the box of glass; that thin glass is hard but brittle.
小心不要打破那玻璃盒；那薄的玻璃虽坚硬，但易碎。
detract
v.去掉；减损
The ugly frame detracts from the beauty of the famous picture.
难看的框子减损这幅名画的美丽。
extirpate
v.根除
To extirpate weeds in not only to destroy their visible parts but to pull them out by the roots.
除草不只是破坏其可见部分，而是连根拔起。
indulgent
adj.放任的；宽容的
The indulgent mother bought her children everything they wanted.
这个溺爱的母亲买给孩子任何他们要的东西。
The indulgent teacher praised every poem we wrote.
这位宽容的老师称赞我们所作的每一首诗。
mendacious
adj.好说谎的；不诚实的
The mendacious beggar told a different tale of woe at every house.
那个好说谎的乞丐在每家说不同的悲哀故事。
plausible
adj.似乎合理的，似乎公平的
For my own sake , I've told a plausible lie at the club meeting, but te members did not believe me at all.
为我自己的缘故，我在俱乐部的会议上说了一个似乎合理的谎言，但那儿的人一点也不相信我。
sanction
adj.批准；认可
We have the sanction of the recreation department to play ball in this park.
康乐部门允许我们在这公园里玩球。
shallow
adj.浅的
Youngsters usually rush into marriage with only the shallow notions of what love and responsibility mean.
年青的人通常对爱和责任只有一些肤浅的观念，就匆匆地结婚。
verge
n.边；缘
We parked the car on the grass verge at the side of highway.
我们将车停在高速公路边上的草坪边界上。