erratic
【考法 1】 adj. 善变的： not staying constant
【例】 business at the fast-food restaurant has been so erratic lately that the manager never knows how much
staff to have on hand 快餐店的生意最近非常起伏以至于经理也不清楚需要多少人手
【近】 changing, fluctuating, irregular, unequal, unstable, unsteady, varying
【反】 changeless, constant, stable, steady, unchanging, unvarying 不变的
【考法 2】 adj. 异常的，不同寻常的： different from the ordinary in a way that causes curiosity or suspicion
【例】 the key to the code was the erratic punctuation the killer used 解开密码的关键是杀手使用的不同寻常
的标点符号
【近】 bizarre, eccentric, offbeat, outlandish, out-of-the-way, peculiar, quaint, queer, remarkable, screwy,
spaced-out, way-out, weird
erudite
【考法 1】 adj. 博学的： characterized by erudition; learned
【例】 an erudite scholar 渊博的学者
【近】 knowledgeable, learned, lettered, literate, scholarly, well-read
【反】 ignorant, unlettered, benighted, illiterate, uneducated, unscholarly 无知的
escalate
【考法 1】 vi.（战争等）升级，扩大： to increase in extent, volume, number, amount, intensity, or scope
【例】 We don't want to escalate the war. 我们不想使战争扩大。
【近】 aggrandize, amplify, augment, boost, expand, pump up, build up
【反】 wane, diminish 减弱
eschew
【考法 1】 v. 刻意避开；戒绝： to avoid habitually especially on moral or practical grounds
【例】 the minister eschews involvement in local politics, since he doesn't want to diminish his moral authority in
the community 首相回避参与当地政治，因为他不想降低其道德权威
【近】 dodge, elude, evade, shirk, shun, weasel out of
【反】 embrace, greet, welcome, habitually indulge in, seek 乐于接受，寻觅
esoteric
【考法 1】 adj. 深奥难懂的： difficult for one of ordinary knowledge or intelligence to understand
【例】 esoteric terminology 少数人知道的专业术语
【近】 abstruse, arcane, hermetic, recondite
【反】 shallow, superficial 肤浅的
【考法 2】 adj. 少数人知道的： not known or meant to be known by the general populace
【例】 The actor must have had some esoteric motive for leaving stage. 该演员淡出舞台肯定有不为人知的
原因。
【近】 confidential, inside, intimate, nonpublic, privy, secret
【反】 common accepted, generally known, open, public 公开的，普遍接受的
espouse
【考法 1】 vt. 支持；拥护： to take up and support as a cause
【例】 the revolutionary cause 支持革命事业
【近】 embrace, take on, take up
【反】 abjure, repudiate 誓绝
【考法 2】 vt. 结婚： to take in marriage; marry
esteem
【考法 1】 n./v. 尊重： to regard with respect; prize
【例】 be held in high esteem 被高度敬仰
【近】 appreciation, estimation, favor, regard, respect
【反】 disfavor, odium 不喜欢，憎恶
estimable
【考法 1】 adj. 值得尊敬的： deserving of esteem; admirable
【例】 an estimable adversary 一位值得尊敬的对手
【近】 prestigious, reputable, applaudable, commendable, creditable, meritorious, praiseworthy
【反】 contemptible, infamous, censurable, discreditable, illaudable, reprehensible 令人鄙视的
estrange
【考法 1】 vt. 使疏远，离间，使感情失和： to arouse especially mutual enmity or indifference in where there had
formerly been love, affection, or friendliness
【例】 he estranged several of his coworkers 他和好多同事疏远了
【近】 alienate, disaffect, disgruntle, sour
【反】 reconcile 和好
etch
【考法 1】 v. 蚀刻： to produce (as a pattern or design) on a hard material by eating into the material's surface
(as by acid or laser beam)
【例】 the artist etched his landscape on a copper plate 艺术家将风景画刻在铜盘上
【近】 grave, incise, inscribe
【考法 2】 v. 留下深刻印象，铭记： to produce a vivid impression of
【例】 in just a few pages the writer etched an unforgettable portrait of one of the more remarkable First Ladies
仅用数页，作者刻画出了一位杰出的第一夫人令人难忘的形象
【近】 impress, imprint, infix, ingrain