harsh
【考法 1】 adj. 粗糙的,不具有美感的: unpleasantly coarse and rough to the touch, disagreeable to one's aesthetic or artistic sense
【例】 the harsh lighting in the cafeteria makes the food look slightly off-color 咖啡厅劣质刺眼的灯光让食物看起来卖相不佳
【近】 grating, grotesque, jarring, unaesthetic
【反】 soft, aesthetic 柔和的,有美感的
【考法 2】 adj. 严厉的: unduly exacting, given to exacting standards of discipline and self-restraint
【例】 a harsh judge when it comes to drug users and especially drug dealers 对于瘾君子特别是毒贩处罚格
外严厉的法官
【近】 afflicting, agonizing, cruel, excruciating, galling, grievous, harrowing
【反】 clement, forbearing, gentle, indulgent, lax, lenient, tolerant 温和的,宽松的
hasten
【考法 1】 vt. 促进: to speed up; accelerate
【例】 The man's death was hastened by alcohol abuse. 酗酒加速了老人的死亡。
【近】 accelerate, bundle, fast-track, rush, speed up
【反】 slow the progress of, check, retard, brake, decelerate, retard, slow down 阻碍,放慢
hasty
【考法 1】 adj. 轻率的: fast and typically superficial; acting or done with excessive or careless speed
【例】 a hasty decision 轻率的决定
【近】 cursory, headlong, precipitate, rash, rushed, pell-mell
【反】 deliberate, well considered, unhurried, unrushed 深思熟虑的,不慌不忙的
haunt
【考法 1】 vt. 常去拜访: to visit often; frequent
【例】 haunt the movie theater 常去影院
【近】 affect, habituate, visit, hang at, resort to
【反】 avoid, shun 避开
【考法 2】 vt. 不断地想起,萦绕心头: to come to mind continually; obsess
【例】 a riddle that haunted me all morning 整个早上萦绕在我心头的谜
hauteur
【考法 1】 n.傲慢,自大: haughtiness in bearing and attitude; arrogance
【例】 he looked at her with the hauteur of someone who is accustomed to being instantly obeyed 他看着她,带着向来被顺从惯了的傲慢。
【近】 bumptiousness, imperiousness, peremptoriness, pomposity, presumptuousness, pretentiousness,
superciliousness, superiority
【反】 humility, humbleness, modesty, unassumingness, unpretentiousness 谦虚
haven
【考法 1】 n. 安全的地方: a place of safety
【例】 a haven for artists 艺术家们的圣地
【近】 asylum, harbor, refuge, retreat, sanctuary
【反】 unsafe place, dangerous place 不安全的地方
havoc
【考法 1】 n. 大混乱: a state in which everything is out of order
【例】 the blackout caused havoc in the city 断电造成了城市一片混乱
【近】 disarrangement, disarray, dishevelment, muddle, muss, tumble, welter
【反】 order, orderliness 有序
【考法 2】 n. 大范围破坏: the state or fact of being rendered nonexistent, physically unsound, or useless
【例】 the powerful hurricane wreaked havoc all along the coast 威力巨大的飓风摧毁着沿岸的一切
【近】 annihilation, decimation, demolishment, desolation, devastation, extermination, extinction, obliteration, ruin,
wreckage
【反】 building, construction, erection, raising 建设
headlong
【考法 1】 adj. 鲁莽的: without deliberation
【例】 terrified forest creatures in a headlong retreat from the rapidly spreading fire 受惊的动物们惊慌失措地从不断蔓延的森林大火中逃离出来
【近】 cursory, overhasty, precipitate, precipitous, rash, pell-mell, helter-skelter
【反】 deliberate, unhurried, unrushed 深思熟虑的
hearken
【考法 1】 vi. 倾听,关注: to give respectful attention
【近】 attend, harken, heed, mind
【反】 ignore 不理睬
hearten
【考法 1】 vt. 给予鼓励,鼓舞: to give strength, courage, or hope to; encourage
【例】 thinking we were hopelessly lost, we were heartened by the sight of a familiar farmhouse 悲催地以为
我们完全迷路了,前方一座熟悉的农场给了我们新的希望
【近】 embolden, inspire, inspirit, buck up, buoy up, cheer up
【反】 daunt, dismay, discourage, dishearten, dispirit 使胆怯
adj. 不愉快的,厌恶的,不为人喜的