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solace
【考法 1】 n. 安慰： comfort in sorrow, misfortune, or distress
【例】 The kind words brought a little solace to the grieving widow. 这些同情的话语给痛苦的寡妇带来了些许安慰。
【近】 consolation, relief
【考法 2】 vt. 安慰，安抚： to comfort, cheer, or console, as in trouble or sorrow
【例】 I did their my to solace those bereaved children. 我尽力去安抚那些失去双亲的孩子们。
【近】 cheer, comfort, console, soothe
【反】 agonize, distress, harrow, torment, torture, trouble 使痛苦，折磨
solder
【考法 1】 v. 连接，联合： to join or unite
【例】 Wires are soldered onto the circuit board. 电线被焊接在电路板上。‖The agreement soldered the factions into an alliance. 两个派系因这份协议而结成同盟。
【近】 associate, coalesce, combine, conjoin, conjugate, connect, couple, fuse, interfuse, join, link, marry, unify
【反】 disassociate, disconnect, disjoin, divide, sever, split, sunder 分开
solemnity
【考法 1】 n. 严肃： the quality or condition of being solemn
【例】 Solemnity is a trick of the body to hide the fault of the mind. 一本正经的态度，是肉体为了掩饰精神上的缺陷而耍的花招。‖The coronation ceremony requires absolute solemnity.加冕典礼需要绝对的庄严肃穆。
【近】 earnest, graveness, gravity, intentness, seriousness, sobriety, solemnness, staidness
【反】 facetiousness, flightiness, flippancy, frivolity, frivolousness, levity, lightheartedness, play 轻挑，欢快
solicitous
【考法 1】 adj. 为他人操心的，体谅他人的： given to or made with heedful anticipation of the needs and happiness of others
【例】 The solicitous husband had already cleaned the house and cooked dinner by the time his wife returned home from work. 这个十分体谅妻子的好丈夫在他妻子回家之前就把家里清理干净，还把晚餐都做好了。
【近】 attentive, considerate, kind
【反】 heedless, inconsiderate, thoughtless, unthinking 不关心的
【考法 2】 adj. 迫切的，渴望的： showing urgent desire or interest
【例】 The family is solicitous to put this whole unfortunate affair behind them and to move on with their lives.
这个家庭迫切希望能忘记那些不幸的事情，开始崭新的生活。
【近】 agog, anxious, ardent, avid, desirous, eager, enthusiastic, greedy, hungry, keen, thirsty, voracious, wild
【反】 apathetic, indifferent, uneager, unenthusiastic 无所谓的
【派】 solicitude n. 关切，挂念
solid
【考法 1】 adj. 固态的，坚固的： having a consistency that does not easily yield to pressure
【例】 The ice cream is too solid to scoop right now. 冰淇淋现在太硬了，根本舀不动。
【近】 compact, hard, rigid, stiff, unyielding
【反】 flabby, soft, spongy, squashy, squishy 柔软的，容易挤压的
【考法 2】 adj. 有理有据的： based on sound reasoning or information
【例】 the only solid conclusion that the jury could have reached 陪审团唯一可能做出的合理结论
【近】 firm, informed, justified, levelheaded, logical, rational, reasonable, sensible, sober, valid, well-founded
【反】 groundless, illogical, invalid, unfounded, uninformed, unjustified, unreasonable, unsound 没有道理的
【考法 3】 adj. 坚定的，不迟疑的： not showing weakness or uncertainty
【例】 Some people see a solid handshake as a sign of strong character. 有人认为握手毫不迟疑的人有着很强势的性格。
【近】 forceful, hearty, iron, lusty, robust, stout, strong, sturdy, vigorous
【反】 uncertain, weak 迟疑的
【派】 solidify vt. 使固化
soliloquy
【考法 1】 n. （尤指自言自语的）独白： a dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character talks to himself or herself or reveals his or her thoughts without addressing a listener
【例】 A soliloquy always reveals the character’s thoughts and feeling. 一段独白经常反映出人物的思想和感情。
【近】 monologue
【反】 chorus, ensemble 合唱
solitude
【考法 1】 n. 孤独，避世： the quality or state of being alone or remote from society
【例】 He sought the kind of solitude where his thoughts would be his only companions. 他在寻找一种孤独感，只有他的思想陪伴着他。‖She wished to work on her novel in solitude. 她想一个人安静地完成小说。
【近】 aloneness, insulation, privacy, seclusion, segregation, separateness, sequestration, solitariness
【反】 camaraderie, companionship, company, comradeship, fellowship, society 陪伴
solvent
【考法 1】 adj. 有偿付能力的： able to pay all legal debts
【例】 They're going to have to prove that the company is now solvent. 接下来他们必须要证明公司的偿贷能力。
【反】 bankrupt 破产的
【考法 2】 n. 溶剂： a substance in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution
【例】 Some organic solvents, such as benzene, pyridine, furan, are poisonous to human’s reproductive system.
一些有机溶剂（比如苯、吡啶、呋喃）对人体的生殖系统有毒性。
【反】 solute 溶质
somatic
【考法 1】 adj. 肉体的： of the body, especially as distinguished from a body part, the mind, or the environment
【例】 a somatic disorder that was once thought to be “all in the patient’s head”曾被认为“全是病人头脑中的问题”的生理机能紊乱
【近】 animal, bodily, carnal, corporal, corporeal, fleshly, material, physical
【反】 mental, spiritual 精神上的；nonmaterial, nonphysical 非肉体的
somber
【考法 1】 adj. 昏暗的，无光的： so shaded as to be dark and gloomy
【例】 The prison's somber interrogation room has the desired effect of striking fear and despair into the prisoner. 牢房中阴暗的问讯间有着能让囚犯感到恐惧和绝望的效果。
【近】 black, caliginous, dark, dim, gloomy, lightless, murky, obscure, pitch-dark, rayless, stygian
【反】 bright, brilliant, illuminated, lit, lightsome, lucent, lucid, luminous 光亮的
【考法 2】 adj. 悲伤的，不愉快的： causing or marked by an atmosphere lacking in cheer
【例】 Her death put us in a somber mood. 她的死让我们陷入了悲伤沮丧的情绪之中。
【近】 depressing, dire, dismal, funereal, lugubrious, melancholy, miserable, morbid, morose, saturnine, sullen
【反】 cheerful, delighted, festive, gay, jocund, jovial 快乐的
adj. 卓越的，光辉的，灿烂的
n. 宝石
